IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
| 1 | W. Zhou, T.G. Habetler, R.G. Harley, "Bearing Fault Detection via Stator Current Noise Cancellation and Statistical Control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 2 | Z. Sun, J. Wang, D. Howe, G. Jewell, "Analytical Prediction of Short-Circuit Current in Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes an analytical technique that can be utilized to predict the short-circuit current in a fault-tolerant permanent magnet machine under partial turn short-circuit fault conditions. It has been shown that the current in partially short-circuited turns is dependent on their relative position in the slot where the phase winding is accommodated and the slot-leakage flux associated with these turns has a significant influence on the short-circuit current when a remedial action is applied. An analytical model which quantifies the variation of slot- leakage flux as a function of the relative position of partially short-circuited turns has been developed. Both finite element analysis and experiment results demonstrates effectiveness of the proposed technique for predicting the short-circuit current. |
| 3 | J.-C. Hsieh, J.-L. Lin, "Novel Single-Stage Self-Oscillating Dimmable Electronic Ballast With High Power Factor Correction," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel self-oscillating electronic ballast with dimming capability and high power factor correction (PFC) is proposed in this paper. The single-stage electronic ballast integrates a buck-boost power factor correction stage with a half-bridge LCC series-parallel resonant inverter. The buck-boost semistage operating in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) inherently has high power factor correction. The inverter is dimmable in self-oscillation mode, which is achieved using pulse-width modulation (PWM) and variable-frequency controls. The dimming circuit is simple and low-cost. The self-sustained oscillation of the dimmable electronic ballast for fluorescent lamps was verified using the dual-input describing function (DIDF) method. A prototype of a 10 W dimmable electronic ballast was implemented to verify the theoretical analysis. |
| 4 | M. Vasallo, J. Andujar, C. Garcia, J. Brey, "A Methodology for Sizing Back-Up Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 5 | F Calabrese, G Celentano, "Embedded Multi-Valued Control for Ceramic Manufacturing," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents the realization of a prototypal embedded system which implements a new control law characterized by a fixed and quantized control set. This effort is motivated by the observation that many industrial plants with high parametric uncertainties, both for constructive simplicity and/or in order to minimize the operation cost, are usually commanded with signals that can only assume a finite number of values. This paper proposes a new multi-valued control algorithm which is robust with respect to disturbances and plants uncertain parameters and consents the plants output to practically track a given reference trajectory, with preassigned maximum values of the tracking error and its first derivative. Moreover, the paper deals with the digital realization of this new multi-valued control law and the key issues associated with its microprocessor implementation. The efficiency of the methodology and of the design procedure utilized for the realization of the embedded system are shown through a very interesting application: a temperature control system for a ceramic kiln. |
| 6 | F. Gao, B. Blunier, A. Miraoui, A. Moudni, "A Multiphysic Dynamic 1D Model of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Stack for Real Time Simulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents cell layer scale, multi-domain, dynamic 1D proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) stack model using VHDL-AMS modeling language. The model covers three main fuel cell energy domains: electrical, fluidic and thermal. The performance and advantages of the VHDL-AMS language are shown in the first part. Then, by means of the top-down modeling approach, an electrical domain model, a fluidic domain model and a thermal domain model of the PEMFC stack are addressed in three separate parts. Simulation results are then compared with a Ballard 1.2 kW NEXA fuel cell system, and show a great agreement with experimentatal data. This complex multi-domain VHDL-AMS stack model, containing more than 25 000 state variable and only few empirical coefficients (4 parameters identified on the polarization curve), can be used for fuel cell system components design but also for real time applications. Real time simulation is a key issue in many application such as system control and Hardware-In-the-Loop applications. Moreover, this fuel cell stack model is suitable and can be parametrised for all kinds of PEMFC including watercooled and metal bipolar plates stacks: only the cooling fluid and materials properties have to be changed. |
| 7 | S. Sridharan, M. Mishra, "DC Capacitor Voltage Equalization in Neutral Clamped Inverters for DSTATCOM Application," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multilevel neutral point clamped inverter systems are increasingly used in load compensation applications. But, the most significant problem associated with these compensators is the capacitor voltage imbalances and drift due to dc components in the zero sequence current, resulting in degradation of tracking performance of the voltage source inverter. This paper proposes a carrier based PWM control for an inverter-chopper circuit in order to regulate the capacitor voltages to their reference values. To demonstrate the simplicity and effectiveness of the above control scheme, a three-phase four-wire, three-level neutral point clamped compensator system is taken as an example. Detailed simulation has been carried out in PSCAD 4.2.1. Experiments are conducted to validate the proposed control scheme. |
| 8 | O. Cheng, W. Abdulla, Z. Salcic, "Hardware-Software Co-Design of Automatic Speech Recognition System for Embedded Real-Time Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We present a hardware-software co-processing speech recognizer for real-time embedded applications. The system consists of a standard microprocessor and a hardware accelerator for Gaussian mixture model (GMM) emission probability calculation implemented on an FPGA. The GMM accelerator is optimized for timing performance by exploiting data parallelism. In order to avoid large memory requirement, the accelerator adopts a double buffering scheme for accessing the acoustic parameters with no assumption made on the access pattern of these parameters. Experiments on widely used benchmark data show that the real-time factor of the proposed system is 0.62, which is about 3 times faster than the pure softwarebased baseline system, while the word accuracy rate is preserved at 93.33%. As a part of the recognizer, a new adaptive beam pruning algorithm is also proposed and implemented, which further reduces the average real-time factor to 0.54 with the word accuracy rate of 93.16%. The proposed speech recognizer is suitable for integration in various types of voice (speech)- controlled applications. |
| 9 | J. Jia, G. Wang, Y.T. Cham, Y. Wang, M. Han, "Electrical Characteristics Study of a Hybrid PEMFC and Ultracapacitor System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the characteristics study of a clean hybrid power supply system combining proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), as the main power source, and ultracapacitor (UC), as the energy storage unit. Unlike the conventional fuel cell hybrid system with power conditioning unit (PUC), the study investigated the electrical characteristic of PEMFC and UC hybrid system without DC/DC converter. As a platform to evaluate the proposed system, the fuel cell based electric bicycle is implemented. The platform consists of PEMFC stack, metal hydride, thermal balance system, UC, DC motor, system control and data logging unit as well as user interface. The test results showed that the proposed architecture is functional and lead to good results. By the road testing, it verified that the PEMFC can provide the rated power to the load and the UC can deliver the power when system startup and the peak power if needed. The road testing results showed that the design objectives are fulfilled. |
| 10 | H. Guo, K.-S. Low, H.-A. Nguyen, "Optimizing the Localization of a Wireless Sensor Network in Real Time Based on a Low Cost Microcontroller," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a low cost microcontroller based system that uses the pedometer measurement and communication ranging between neighboring nodes of a wireless sensor network for localization is presented. Unlike most of the existing methods that require good network connectivity, the proposed system works well in a sparse network. As the localization requires solving of nonlinear equations in real time, two optimization approaches namely the Gauss Newton algorithm and the Particle Swarm Optimization have been studied. The localization and optimization algorithms have been implemented with a microcontroller. The performance has been evaluated with experimental results. |
| 11 | C.-M. Huang, C.-M. Wu, C.-C. Yang, S.-L. Chen, C.-S. Chen, J.-J. Wang, K.-J. Lee, C.-L. Wey, "Programmable System-on-Chip (SoC) for Silicon Prototyping," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a Programmable SoC (System-on- Chip) design methodology which integrates multiple heterogeneous SoC design projects into a single chip such that the total silicon prototyping cost for these projects can be greatly reduced by sharing a common SoC platform. In this implementation, an integrated SoC platform is comprised of eight SoC projects. When these eight SoC projects are designed separately, the total area is approximately 143.03mm^{2}, while the area of the integrated platform is about 24.43mm^{2}. The area reduction is significant, so is the fabrication cost. Once the integrated platform chip is fabricated, three programming schemes are carried out to allow the integrated chip to act as the individual SoC design projects. A test chip is designed and implemented using the TSMC 0.13um CMOS generic logic process technology. |
| 12 | CR. Minshull, M. Bingham, A. Stone, P. Foster, "Compensation of Non-Linearities in Diode-Clamped Multilevel Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The application of multilevel converters for exciting permanent magnet machines with low-phase inductance to DC-link voltage ratios facilitates a reduction in high frequency switching harmonics. However, converter non-linearities and, in-particular, on-state device voltage drops, create additional low-frequency harmonics. This paper therefore proposes a generic compensation scheme to accommodate the effects of such converter non-linearities and, in so doing, improve the harmonic quality of the machine phase currents. Experimental results gathered from a prototype 5-level diode clamped converter validate the benefits of the proposed scheme by showing quantitative reductions in low frequency harmonics. |
| 13 | A Rosado-Munoz, M Bataller-Mompean, E Soria-Olivas, C Scarante, J Guerrero-Martinez, "FPGA Implementation of an Adaptive Filter Robust to Impulsive Noise: Two Approaches," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Adaptive filters are used in a wide range of applications such as echo cancellation, noise cancellation, system identification, and prediction. Its hardware implementation becomes essential in many cases where real time execution is needed. However, impulsive noise affects the proper operation of the filter and the adaptation process. This noise is one of the most damaging types of signal distortion, not always considered when implementing algorithms, especially in specific hardware platforms. Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) are used widely for real time applications where timing requirements are strict. Nowadays, two main design processes can be followed, namely, Hardware Description Language (HDL) and a High Level Synthesis (HLS) design tool for embedded system design. This work proposes the FPGA implementation of an adaptive algorithm robust to impulsive noise using these two approaches. Final comparison results are provided in order to test accuracy, performance and logic occupation. |
| 14 | C Wang, Y Li, "Analysis and Calculation of Zero-Sequence Voltage Considering Neutral-Point Potential Balancing in Three-Level NPC Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The neutral-point (NP) potential of the three-level neutral-point-clamped converters is needed to maintain balancing. Zero-sequence voltage is the only freedom degree when carrier-based PWM is utilized. Appropriate zero-sequence voltage should be identified to control the NP potential. The relationship between the neutral current and injected zero-sequence voltage is studied comprehensively, and two balancing algorithms of NP potential respectively adopting searching-optimization and interpolation methods are presented. The theoretical optimum zero-sequence voltage for controlling NP potential can be obtained by the latter proposed algorithm. Simulation and experimental results are shown to verify the validity and practicability of the proposed algorithms. |
| 15 | T Kerekes, R Teodorescu, P Rodriguez, G Vazquez, E Aldabas, "A new high-efficiency single-phase transformerless PV inverter topology," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: There is a strong trend in the photovoltaic (PV) inverter technology to use transformerless topologies in order to acquire higher efficiencies combining with very low ground leakage current. In this paper a new topology, based on the H-Bridge with a new AC bypass circuit consisting in a diode rectifier and a switch with clamping to the DC midpoint is proposed. The topology is simulated and experimentally validated and a comparison with other existing topologies is performed. High conversion efficiency and low leakage current is demonstrated. |
| 16 | C Pan, C Lai, "A High Efficiency High Step-Up Converter with Low Switch Voltage Stress for Fuel Cell System Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a novel high step-up converter is proposed for fuel cell system applications. As an illustration, a two-phase version configuration is given for demonstration. First, an interleaved structure is adapted for reducing input and output ripples. Then, a ̺uk type converter is integrated to the first phase to achieve much higher voltage conversion ratio and avoid operating at extreme duty ratio. In addition, additional capacitors are added as voltage dividers for the two-phases for reducing the voltage stress of active switches and diodes which enables one to adopt lower voltage rating devices to further reduce both switching and conduction losses. Furthermore, the corresponding model is also derived and analysis of the steady state characteristic is made to show the merits of the proposed converter. Finally, a 200W rating prototype system is also constructed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed converter. It is seen that an efficiency of 93.3% can be achieved when the output power is 150W and the output voltage is 200V with 0.56 duty ratio. |
| 17 | A Roscoe, A Mackay, G Burt, J McDonald, "Architecture of a Network-in-the-Loop Environment for Characterizing AC Power System Behavior," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the method by which a large hardware-in-the-loop environment has been realized for 3-phase AC power systems. The environment allows an entire laboratory power network topology (generators, loads, controls, protection devices and switching) to be placed in the loop of a large power network simulation. The system is realized by using a real-time power network simulator, which interacts with the hardware via indirect control of a large synchronous generator and by measuring currents flowing from its terminals. These measured currents are injected into the simulation via current sources to close the loop. This paper describes the system architecture and, most importantly, the calibration methodologies which have been developed to overcome measurement and loop latencies. In particular a new phase advance calibration removes the requirement to add unwanted components into the simulated network to compensate for loop delay. The results of early commissioning experiments are demonstrated. The present system performance limits under transient conditions (approximately 0.25 Hz/s and 30 V/s to contain peak phase and voltage tracking errors within 5° and 1%) are defined mainly by the controllability of the synchronous generator. |
| 18 | C Ramos Paja, R Giral, L Martinez Salamero, J Romano, A Romero, G Spagnuolo, "A PEM Fuel Cell Model Featuring Oxygen Excess Ratio Estimation and Power Electronics Interaction," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell model that is useful for simulation and control purposes is presented. The model uses both electrical circuit components and functional blocks in order to reproduce both static and dynamic fuel cell behaviors. Its main feature is in the reproduction of the oxygen excess ratio behavior, but it is also able to interact with any electrical device connected at the fuel cell terminals, thus a load or a switching converter. Consequently, the proposed model can be used in order to develop new control strategies aimed at avoiding the oxygen starvation effect and/or minimizing the fuel consumption. The model has been customized for a Ballard NEXA 1.2 kW power system and this has allowed an experimental validation by means of measurements performed on a real fuel cell device. |
| 19 | G Zhao, K Xuan, W Rahayu, D Taniar, M Safar, M Gavrilova, B Srinivasan, "Voronoi-Based Continuous k Nearest Neighbor Search in Mobile Navigation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Digital ecosystems are formed by digital organisms in complex, dynamic, and interrelated ecosystems, and utilize multiple technologies to provide cost-efficient digital services and value-creating activities. Distributed wireless mobile network that serves as the underlying infrastructure to digital ecosystems provides important applications to the digital ecosystems, one of which is mobile navigations and continuous mobile information services. Most information and query services in a mobile environment are continuous mobile query processing or continuous k nearest neighbor (CKNN), which finds the locations where interest points or interest objects change while mobile users are moving. These locations are known as split nodes. All of existing works on CKNN divide the query path into segments, which is a segment of road separated by two intersections, and then the process to find split nodes is applied to each segment. Since there are many segments (due to many intersections, obviously), processing each segment is naturally inefficient. In this paper, we propose an alternative solution to overcome this problem. We use Voronoi Diagram for CKNN (called VCKNN). Our proposed approach does not need to divide the query path into segments, hence improving the overall query processing performance. Our experiment verified the applicability of VCKNN approach to solve CKNN queries. |
| 20 | H Woo, D Lee, "Exploitation of the Impedance and Characteristics of the Human Arm in the Design of Haptic Interfaces," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: It is well known that friction in haptic devices plays a key role in dissipating surplus energy to maintain passivity of the haptic system. This paper shows that the surplus energy can be also dissipated by careful exploitation of human operators damping and analyzes the effects of the time-varying human arm impedance on the passivity of a haptic system. Human arm impedance is modeled as a second-order mass-damper-spring system. An impedance model is developed to describe the dynamic behavior of a haptic system that includes human arm impedance. A new necessary and sufficient passivity condition of the haptic system is derived using an energy-based approach. The analytical results are experimentally validated using a one-degree-of -freedom (DOF) haptic device. Experiment results show that the maximum achievable stiffness of the haptic system varies widely according to the degree of human arm impedance and is predictable more accurately using the newly derived passivity condition compared to the previous results in the literature. |
| 21 | W. W. K. Lin, J. H. K. Wong, A. K. Y. Wong, "A Novel Real-Time Traffic Sensing (RTS) Model to Improve the Performance of Web-Based Industrial Ecosystems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The novel real-time traffic sensing (RTS) model proposed in this paper not only senses traffic patterns but also chaotic traffic conditions, known as the fractal breakdowns, on the fly. If a web-based industrial ecosystem has included RTS as a functional component, it would possess the ability to acquire ambient intelligence of, and act upon, changes in traffic patterns. Its use of the results by the RTS as parameters for self-organization proactively could prevent sudden system failures. Web-based industrial ecosystems consist of distributed processing centers/entities/species. These species have distinctive functional characteristics and collaborate by message passing over the mobile Internet, which supports wireline and wireless communications in a mixed, dynamic manner. The unpredictable traffic changes in such an environment could reduce system performance and lead to system instability and even failure. Although brief stints of chaotic operations or system failures followed by quick recoveries may be unnoticeable to human eyes, they can impede the normal operations of industrial systems and inflict huge financial losses. Any industrial ecosystem with RTS support would benefit from the enhanced reliability by detecting possible chaotic operations or fractal breakdowns. |
| 22 | J Napoles, J. I. Leon, R Portillo, L. G. Franquelo, M. A. Aguirre, "Selective Harmonic Mitigation Technique for High Power Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In high power applications the maximum switching frequency is limited due to thermal losses. This leads to highly distorted output waveforms. In such applications, it is necessary to filter the output waveforms using bulky passive filtering systems. The recently presented selective harmonic mitigation technique (SHMPWM) produces output waveforms where the harmonic distortion is limited fulfilling specific grid codes when the number of switching angles is high enough. The related technique has been previously presented using a switching frequency equal to 750Hz. In this paper, a special implementation of the SHMPWM technique optimized for very low switching frequency is studied. Experimental results obtained applying SHMPWM to a three-level neutral point clamped converter using a switching frequency equal to 350Hz are presented. The obtained results show that the SHMPWM technique improves the results of previous selective harmonic elimination (SHEPWM) techniques for very low switching frequencies. This fact highlights that the SHMPWM technique is very useful in high power applications leading its use an important reduction of the bulky and expensive filtering elements. |
| 23 | S Ceballos, J Pou, E Robles, J Zaragoza, J. L. Martin, "Performance Evaluation of Fault Tolerant Neutral-Point-Clamped Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a study of the fault tolerance capacity of a neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converter. Different faults in the power semiconductors are considered and the available post-fault states of the converter are shown. In regards of the operation limits, two possible solutions are presented. In these solutions, adding a reduced number of additional components, the behavior of the converter when a switch fails improves considerably. Furthermore, an analysis of the neutral point (NP) voltage balancing conditions after a fault and reconfiguration of the system is also evaluated. Experimental results that prove the correct operation of the proposed topologies are shown. |
| 24 | L Boulon, D Hissel, A Bouscayrol, M.-C. Pera, "From Modeling to Control of a PEM Fuel Cell Using Energetic Macroscopic Representation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a methodology to design the control part of a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cell (FC) stack. The objective is to control the FC voltage. This methodology is based on Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) of the FC and leads to a so-called Maximal Control Structure (MCS). The MCS is a step by step inversion of EMR (inversion model based control structure). The control design process is based on an explicit definition of the problem. Basically, for instance, the tuning inputs, the system objectives or constraints are highlighted to organize the control. Moreover, the MCS shows the places where sensors are required and the controllers that are requested. Unfortunately, MCS is only a theoretical control structure. Consequently, a realistic structure needs some simplifications leading to a so-called Practical Control Structure (PCS). The FC model is firstly presented and experimentally validated. The designed control structure is then simulated and the results are discussed. |
| 25 | G Baoming, F. Z. Peng, A. T. de Almeida, H Abu-Rub, "An Effective Control Technique for Medium-Voltage High Power Induction Motor Fed by Cascaded Neutral Point Clamped Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: For a cascaded neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter applied to the medium voltage high power induction motor drives, an effective control technique is proposed in this paper. The novel SPWM pulse rotation control approach, for a wide range of output voltage, provides a simple way to implement vector control for induction motor when the cascaded NPC inverter is employed. The proposed method presents great benefits to the cascaded NPC inverter. The output voltages and power of all inverter modules, and two series-capacitor dc voltages of each inverter module are perfectly balanced. Also a low switch frequency of all inverter modules supports a synthesized high frequency PWM phase voltage. The internal voltage drop of the inverter, due to the cascade structure of many IGBT-diode modules' series connection, is analyzed, which causes the distorted phase voltages and currents at low speeds when the frequency and output voltage are low. The current closed-loop control compensates the distortion of phase voltages and currents. A rotor flux-oriented vector control is combined with back EMF-based MRAS speed estimation, which results in a speed closed-loop control. The voltage sensors together with the filters of changeable parameters ensure the precision of speed estimation for the whole frequency range. The experimental tests are carried out through an 800kW 4160V induction motor drive fed by the 1MVA 6000V 17-level cascaded NPC inverter. The results verify the proposed scheme. |
| 26 | K Sivakumar, A Das, R Ramchand, C Patel, K Gopakumar, "A Five Level Inverter Scheme for a Four Pole Induction Motor Drive by Feeding the Identical Voltage Profile Windings From Both Sides," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents a five-level inverter scheme with four two-level inverters for a four pole induction motor (IM) drive. In a conventional three-phase four-pole induction motor, there exists two identical voltage profile winding coil groups per phase around the armature, which are connected in series and spatially apart by two pole pitches. In this work, these two identical voltage profile pole pair winding coils in each phase of the induction motor are disconnected and fed from four two-level inverters from four sides of the windings with one fourth dc-link voltage compared to a conventional five-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter. The scheme presented in this paper, doesn't require any special design modification for the induction machine. For the present study, a four pole IM drive is used, and the scheme can be easily extended to induction motors with more than four poles. The proposed scheme is experimentally verified on a four pole, 5hp induction motor drive. |
| 27 | S Lentijo, S D'Arco, A Monti, "Comparing the Dynamic Performances of Power Hardware in the Loop Interfaces," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an evaluation of two interface design solutions for Power Hardware in the Loop experiments. The evaluation is performed according to four figures of merit that focus on both the dynamic and steady state performances of the interface systems. An analytical process is then used to both compare the different interfaces, and more importantly, to define a design procedure based on an optimization problem. The primary advantage of the proposed approach is that the figures of merits can be calculated by accounting not only for the topology of the interface, but also for the structure and characteristics of the controller adopted for the interface itself. |
| 28 | P Prasarnphanich, C Wagner, "Explaining the Sustainability of Digital Ecosystems based on the Wiki Model through Critical Mass Theory," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This research investigates the sustainability of a type of digital ecosystem, namely knowledge sharing communities built on the wiki model. Sustainability is hypothesized to result from the participation of contributors with varying levels of resources and interests. The differences in resources and interests, according to critical mass theory, enable such communities to overcome typical start-up and growth problems. The article describes a preliminary empirical test of critical mass theory in this context, with Wikipedia as test case that demonstrates sustainability as well as resource and interest heterogeneity, based on a survey of 78 Wikipedians. The characteristic patterns of success exhibited in Wikipedia are expected to inform the management of other wiki based information assets. |
| 29 | M. Renge, M. Suryawanshi, "Three-Dimensional Space Vector Modulation to Reduce Common-Mode Voltage for Multilevel Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, an approach to reduce common-mode voltage (CMV) at the output of multilevel inverter using three-dimensional (3-D) space vector modulation (SVM) is proposed. The 3-D SVM is superset of the traditional two-dimensional (2-D) SVM, and thus, it inherits all the merits of traditional 2-D. A simple technique for the selection of switching states to constitute the reference vector is proposed here. The computational cost of the proposed technique is independent of voltage levels of inverter. This technique is easy to implement on-line in digital controller. The trade off between quality of output voltage and common mode voltage is achieved in this paper. This paper realizes the implementation of 3-D SVM to reduce the CMV using five-level diode clamped inverter for three phase induction motor. Experimental and simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technique. |
| 30 | J de la Rosa, N Hormazabal, S Aciar, G Lopardo, A Trias, M Montaner, "A Negotiation Style Recommender Based on Computational Ecology in Open Negotiation Environments," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The system described herein represents the first example of a recommender system in digital ecosystems where agents negotiate services on behalf of small companies. The small companies compete not only with price or quality, but with a wider service-by-service composition by subcontracting with other companies. The final result of these offerings depends on negotiations at the scale of millions of small companies. This scale requires new platforms for supporting digital business ecosystems, as well as related services like open-id, trust management, monitors and recommenders. This is done in the Open Negotiation Environment (ONE), which is an open-source platform that allows agents, on behalf of small companies, to negotiate and use the ecosystem services, and enables the development of new agent technologies. The methods and tools of cyber engineering are necessary to build up Open Negotiation Environments that are stable, a basic condition for predictable business and reliable business environments. Aiming to build stable digital business ecosystems by means of improved collective intelligence, we introduce a model of negotiation style dynamics from the point of view of computational ecology. This model inspires an ecosystem monitor as well as a novel negotiation style recommender. The ecosystem monitor provides hints to the negotiation style recommender to achieve greater stability of an open negotiation environment in a digital business ecosystem. The greater stability provides the small companies with higher predictability, and therefore better business results. The negotiation style recommender is implemented with a simulated annealing algorithm at a constant temperature, and its impact is shown by applying it to a real case of an open negotiation environment populated by Italian companies. |
| 31 | X Li, C Bowers, T Schnier, "Classification of Energy Consumption in Buildings with Outlier Detection," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we propose an intelligent data analysis method for modelling and prediction of daily electricity consumption in buildings. The objective is to enable a building management system to be used for forecasting and detection of abnormal energy use. First, an outlier detection method is proposed to identify abnormally high or low energy use in building. Then a canonical variate analysis is employed to describe latent variables of daily electricity consumption profiles, which can be used to group the data sets into different clusters. Finally, a simple classifier is used to predict the daily electricity consumption profiles. A case study, based on a mixed use environment, was studied. The results demonstrate the method proposed in this paper can be used in conjunction with a building management system to identify abnormal utility consumption and notify building operators in real time. |
| 32 | Y Qiao, G Liu, G Zheng, W Hu, "NCSLab: A Web-based Global-Scale Control Laboratory with Rich Interactive Features," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper introduces the NCSLab (Networked Control System Laboratory) at http://www.ncslab.net, which provides a complete Web-based solution for users to carry out experiments on experiment devices located globally. A scalable architecture is proposed, which is composed of Web browsers, central Web server, MATLAB servers, regional experiment servers, control units and experiment devices. Based on the architecture, many novel features including visual algorithm designing, simulation, compilation, visual monitor configuration and real-time monitoring and supervisory control are designed and implemented by combination of state-of-the-art technologies such as Web2.0, J2EE and MATLAB. Users can enjoy all these rich interactive features with a simple Web browser from anywhere at any time. The issues of device safety, network security and instability are also tackled in NCSLab. |
| 33 | J Zhao, X He, R Zhao, "A Novel PWM Control Method for Hybrid Clamped Multilevel Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel PWM control method is proposed in this paper. The PWM control method is called HLCCAPOPWM (Higher and Lower Carrier Cells Alternative Phase Opposition PWM) for the hybrid clamped multilevel inverter and based on the improvement of carrier PDPWM (Phase Disposition PWM). The principle of the HLCCAPOPWM method, the comparison with the carrier PDPWM method and the analysis on output voltage spectrum are given. Simulations and experiments show that comparing with the carrier PDPWM method, the novel method can effectively reduce the number of devices switching on or off within broad modulation index range, consequently reducing switching losses, and remarkably reduce the amplitude of lower harmonics. Simulations also show the generalization of the HLCCAPOPWM method for hybrid clamped n-level inverters and NPC inverters. |
| 34 | M Guarnieri, V Di Noto, F Moro, "A Dynamic Circuit Model of a Small Direct Methanol Fuel Cell for Portable Electronic Devices," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Direct methanol fuel cells constitute nowadays a promising alternative to lithium ion batteries for powering portable devices. The effective design of power management units for interfacing direct methanol fuel cells requires accurate models able to account for variable load conditions and fuel consumption. A dynamic non-linear circuit model for passive methanol fuel cells is presented in this work. The model takes into account mass transport, current generation, electronic and protonic conduction, methanol adsorption, and electrochemical kinetics. Adsorption and oxidation rates, which mostly affect the cell dynamics, are modeled by a detailed two-step reaction mechanism. The fully coupled multiphysics equivalent circuit is solved by assembling first order differential equations into a non-linear state variable system in order to simulate the electrical evolution of the fuel cell from its initial conditions. The fuel cell discharge and methanol consumption are computed by combining mass transport and conservation equations. As a result, the runtime of a direct methanol fuel cell can be predicted from the current load and the initial methanol concentration. |
| 35 | M Ordonez, M. O. Sonnaillon, J. E. Quaicoe, M. T. Iqbal, "An Embedded Frequency Response Analyzer for Fuel Cells Monitoring and Characterization," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an embedded frequency response analyzer (EFRA) for Fuel Cells (FC) based on a robust measurement technique with simple implementation. Frequency response analysis technique provides valuable information of different electrochemical processes that occur inside the FC. The measurement system is implemented on a low-cost Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to perform frequency response and impedance tracking. The small size and low power consumption allows this special device to be embedded into the FC controller or the power conditioning stage. The system is capable of measuring automatically the frequency response of the FC at different operating points, even when the FC is operating with load. These measurements can be used to characterize the FC at design stage and to perform on-line monitoring of the FC state during continuous operation. The proposed instrument uses the lock-in amplification technique, which allows very accurate and precise measurements even in the presence of high noise levels. The proposed hardware and signal processing technique are described in this paper including experimental result of a 1.2kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system. |
| 36 | A. S. R. Oliveira, L Almeida, A. B. Ferrari, "The ARPA-MT Embedded SMT Processor and Its RTOS Hardware Accelerator," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The high-level modelling and parametrization capabilities of current hardware description languages, as well as the huge integration capacity and flexibility provided by modern FPGAs, opens the way to designing processors tuned to given applications and favoring specific properties. This paper presents the ARPA-MT processor - a customizable, synthesizable and time predictable processor model optimized for multitasking realtime embedded systems, which efficiently explores modern FPGA technology. A fundamental processor component is the ARPAOSC coprocessor designed for hardware implementation of the basic real-time operating system management functions, such as timing, task scheduling, synchronization and switching, efficient interrupt handling and verification of the timing constraints. The hardware implementation of these functions allows executing them faster and more predictably, reducing the operating system overhead and improving its determinism. The performance evaluation has shown reductions of one to two orders of magnitude in the execution time of some functions of a real-time executive, in comparison with an analogous software implementation. |
| 37 | T Novak, A Gerstinger, "Safety- and Security-Critical Services in Building Automation and Control Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A building automation and control system (BACS) is used to integrate different kinds of services into a single system to provide automated combined services and consequently ease maintenance and save costs. Typical services are heating, ventilation and air-conditioning (HVAC), or lighting and shading. Later on also security-critical services and in recent times safety-critical ones have been integrated into the BACS. Today the two last mentioned types of services are realized by closed subsystems as part of the BACS. Such an approach makes the management and the maintenance of the BACS less efficient and does not allow combined safety- and security-critical services. The paper presents a common approach how to engineer a safety- and security-related building automation technology. It shall be the basis of a BACS that is able to provide combined safety-, security-critical and standard services. Hence, closed subsystems in the BACS can be avoided and new services offered. Such a new service is delineated taking existing application standards into consideration. |
| 38 | L. Allegre, A Bouscayrol, N. Verhille, P Delarue, E Chattot, S El-Fassi, "Reduced-scale power Hardware-In-the-Loop simulation of an innovative subway," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 39 | C. Patel, R. Sawant, C. Chandorkar, "Three-Dimensional Flux Vector Modulation of Four-Leg Sinewave Output Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The time-integral of the output voltage vector of a three-phase inverter is often termed as the inverter flux vector. This paper addresses the control of a three-phase fourleg sinewave output inverter having an LC filter at its output, by controlling the flux vector in three dimensions. Flux vector control has the property that the output filter resonance is actively damped by the output voltage control loop alone. Further, the inverter switching action inherently regulates the output voltage rapidly against dc bus voltage variations. Flux vector control of sinewave output inverters finds several applications in three-phase four-wire systems. This paper presents the flux modulation method for three-phase four-leg inverters feeding unbalanced and nonlinear loads. All the necessary steps for the digital implementation of the flux modulator are presented. The switching behavior of the modulator has been evaluated, which is useful for variable fundamental frequency applications of the inverters. To provide experimental validation, the modulator is implemented as a part of the control system for a stand-alone three-phase four-leg inverter with an LC filter at its output. Control system details are also provided. Experimental results indicate the effectiveness of the modulator and the control system in providing balanced voltages at the output of the LC filter even under highly unbalanced conditions with nonlinear loads. The resonance damping and voltage regulation properties of the modulator are also apparent from the experimental results. |
| 40 | C. Cavalcanti, C. Oliveira, M. Farias, A. S. Neves, M. S. Azevedo, C. Camboim, "Modulation Techniques to Eliminate Leakage Currents in Transformerless Three-phase Photovoltaic Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In some photovoltaic applications it is possible to remove the transformer of the system in order to reduce losses, cost and size. In transformerless systems the photovoltaic module parasitic capacitance can introduce leakage currents in which the amplitude depends on the converter topology, on the pulse-width- modulation and on the resonant circuit composed by the system components. Based on the common-mode voltage model, modulation techniques are proposed to eliminate the leakage current in transformerless photovoltaic systems without requiring any modification on the converter and any additional hardware. The main drawback is that the proposed modulation technique for two-level inverters can only be used with 650Vdc link in case of 110Vrms grid phase voltage. Comparisons among modulation techniques are discussed and it is proved that the proposed modulation for two and three-level inverters present the best results. To validate the models used in simulations, an experimental three-phase inverter is used. |
| 41 | J Le Besnerais, A Fasquelle, M Hecquet, J Pelle, V Lanfranchi, S Harmand, P Brochet, A Randria, "Multiphysics modeling: electro-vibro-acoustics and heat transfer of PWM-fed induction machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The design of variable-speed electrical machines involves several fields of physics, such as electromagnetism, thermics, mechanics but also acoustics. This paper describes the analytical multi-physics models of a computer-aided design (CAD) software which is applied to inverter-fed traction induction machines. The electromagnetic model computes rotor and stator currents, the induction machine traction characteristics, and the radial air-gap flux density. The mechanical and acoustic model computes the motor audible magnetic noise level due to Maxwell forces. The thermal model based on 3D nodal network, computes the transient temperature of different parts of the motor. These fast models make it possible to couple the software with some optimization tools. Some simulation results are presented on |
| 42 | M. Rahimi, A Emadi, "Discontinuous Conduction Mode DC/DC Converters Feeding Constant Power Loads," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: One of the major issues in multi-converter power electronic systems, which exist in different land, sea, air, and space vehicles, is the stability problem imposed by constant power loads (CPLs). The research work done in this field has been focused mainly on continuous conduction mode (CCM) of operation. In this paper, we study the case when the loaded converter operates in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). We prove that the open-loop DC/DC converters operating in DCM are stable when they are loaded by CPLs. Furthermore, we present that the problem of feedback design for a converter operating in DCM and loaded by a CPL can be translated into a conventional feedback design task for the same converter with a resistive load. Simulation and experimental results verify the presented discussion. |
| 43 | V. Araujo, P. Torrico-Bascope, V. Torrico-Bascope, "Highly efficient high step-up converter for fuel-cell power processing based on three-state commutation cell," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The interest towards the application of fuel-cells is increasing in the last years mainly due to the possibility of highefficient decentralized clean energy generation. The output voltage of fuel-cell stacks is generally below 50V. Consequently, low power applications with high output voltage require a high gain for proper operation. Several solutions were so far proposed in the literature, ranging from the use of high frequency transformers to capacitive multipliers. This paper proposes the modification of a boost converter operating with a three-state commutation cell that is already well suited for high current stress in the input due to the current sharing between the active switches. Here, an additional winding is added to the autotransformer to provide not only the required high gain, but also significantly reduce the voltage stress across the active switches. Moreover, by employing the three-state switching cell, the size of the inductor is reduced because the operating frequency is double of the switching frequency. A prototype for verification of the circuit was built for an input voltage range of 30-45V, 400V output voltage and 250W output power. The operation is evaluated and the experimental waveforms and efficiency curves are presented. |
| 44 | S Tan, "General n-Level Driving Approach for Improving Electrical-To-Optical Energy-Conversion Efficiency of Fast-Response Saturable Lighting Devices," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Power-electronics interface and the technique of pulse-width modulation have been the heart of controlling the illumination intensity of lighting devices. It is, however, observed that for some lighting devices, the use of such a methodology leads to a lower energy-conversion efficiency (with a lower light intensity for the same amount of electrical input power) than potentially possible. The main problem is related to the saturable characteristic of the electrical-to-optical energy conversion, which follows that of an exponential characteristic, and the fast nature of this reaction in these lighting devices. This paper presents an in-depth discussion on the phenomenon and offers a solution to the problem. Specifically, it is proposed that an n-level type of driving approach to be adopted in the design and construction of power-electronic drivers for fast-response saturable lighting devices to achieve a quasi-optimal lighting efficacy. The result is energy saving for the same required light illumination. Theoretical proofs and experimental results are provided for verification. The topic of discussion in this paper and the proposed approach are not only applicable to the area of electronic circuits and lighting devices, but also to general controlled systems which comprise components that inherit a saturable and fast-reactive energy conversion characteristic. |
| 45 | A Arce, J. Del Real, C Bordons, R. Ramirez, "Real-Time Implementation of a Constrained MPC for Efficient Airflow Control in a PEM Fuel Cell," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Fuel cells represent an area of great industrial interest due to the possibility to generate clean energy for stationary and automotive applications. It is clear that proper performance of these devices is closely related to the kind of control that is used, so a study of improved control alternatives is fully justified. The air supply control is widely used to guarantee safety and to achieve a high performance. This work deals with this control loop, proposing and comparing two control objectives, respectively aimed at satisfying oxygen starvation avoidance criterion and maximum efficiency criterion. The control architecture is based on a constrained explicit Model Predictive Control (MPC) law suitable for real-time implementation due to its low computational demands. The proposed controller is implemented and evaluated on a 1.2 kW PEM fuel cell test bench, thus obtaining real data which show that the maximum efficiency criterion does not conflict with the starvation avoidance criterion and allows system performance improvements of up to 3.46%. Moreover, experimental results utilizing the explicit MPC approach also show improved transient responses compared to those of the manufacturers control law. |
| 46 | A Shukla, A Ghosh, A Joshi, "Flying Capacitor Based Chopper Circuit for DC Capacitors Voltage Balancing in Diode-Clamped Multilevel Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 47 | L Cai, B. Rad, L. Chan, "An Intelligent Longitudinal Controller for Application in Semi-autonomous Vehicles," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We present a neuro-fuzzy controller for intelligent cruise control (ICC) of semi-autonomous vehicles. The paper addresses the problem of longitudinal control that aims at regulating the speed of the controlled vehicle in order to maintain constant time headway with respect to the vehicle in front. A Fuzzy Radial Basis Function Network (FRBFN) longitudinal controller is designed to incorporate the merits of fuzzy logics as well as neural networks. The FRBFN is prestructured and its parameters are configured such that they are associated with their physical meaning. The parameters of the output layer are learned on-line via gradient algorithm. An attractive feature of the proposed method is that it does not require the training data and the vehicle longitudinal dynamic model. Simulation results on a vehicle theoretical model are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this controller. In order to investigate the proposed control algorithms in real life situations, a small-scaled vehicle with computer and sensors onboard is developed. Experimental results of conventional PID controller and FRBFN controller are provided for comparison. |
| 48 | G Doukas, K Thramboulidis, "A Real-Time Linux Based Framework for Model-Driven Engineering in Control and Automation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Model-Driven Engineering is proposed as the next revolution in embedded systems development. It is a promising paradigm that provides to the developer the abstraction level required to focus on the specific application and not to the underlying computing environments. Real-Time Linux is a mature and stable platform that can be considered a strong candidate for real-time applications in the control and automation domain. In this paper, a framework for the model driven engineering of industrial automation systems is presented. This framework exploits: a) the Function Block, a well known paradigm in the industrial automation domain, to provide the control engineer with the ability to construct its systems as aggregations of existing components and b) the real-time Linux, to execute the automatically synthesized executable. A prototype run-time environment is described and a laboratory example application using a robotic arm is used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed framework. Performance measurements are very promising even for hard real-time control applications. |
| 49 | F Baronti, E Petri, S Saponara, L Fanucci, R Roncella, R Saletti, P D'Abramo, R Serventi, "Design and Verification of Hardware Building Blocks for High-Speed and Fault-Tolerant In-vehicle Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the design, implementation, and validation of a FlexRay transceiver and a SpaceWire router and interface, which constitute the main hardware building blocks of the two in-vehicle communication standards. The FlexRay protocol features data-rates up to 10 Mb/s, time and event triggered transmissions, along with scalable fault-tolerance support, and it is expected to become the standard network for X-by-wire and active safety automotive systems. However, collision avoidance and driver assistance applications based on camera/radar sensors require data rates up to hundreds of Mb/s as well as fault-tolerance, features that can hardly be covered by current or expected automotive standards. In this scenario, a promising technology seems to be the new SpaceWire protocol, currently used in avionics and aerospace. |
| 50 | X Cao, J Chen, Y Xiao, Y Sun, "Building Environment Control with Wireless Sensor and Actuator Networks: Centralized vs. Distributed," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper considers joined problems of control and communication in wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) for building environment control systems. In traditional control systems, centralized control and distributed control are two major approaches. However, little work has been done in comparing the two approaches in joined problems of control and communication, particularly in WSANs serving as components of control loops. In this paper, we develop a centralized control (CC) scheme in which control decisions are made based on global information, and a distributed control (DC) scheme which enables distributed actuators to make control decisions locally. We also develop methods that enable wireless communications among system devices compatible with the control strategies, and propose a method for reducing packet loss rate. We compare the two schemes using simulations in many aspects. Simulation results show that the DC can achieve comparable control performance of the CC, while the DC is more robust against packet loss and has lower computational complexity than the CC. Furthermore, the DC has shorter actuation latency than the CC under certain conditions. |
| 51 | B Qin, X Wang, H Xie, L Lin, H Tang, A Wang, H Chen, B Zhao, L Yang, Y Zhou, "1.8pJ/pulse Programmable Gaussian Pulse Generator for Full-Band Non-Carrier Impulse UWB Transceivers in 90nm CMOS," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a single-chip ultra-low-power programmable Gaussian pulse generator (PG) designed and implemented in 90nm CMOS for 3.1-10.6GHz full-band impulse-radio (IR) ultra wideband (UWB) transmitters. Measurement shows that this novel simple two-inverter-based PG achieves the lowest reported power dissipation of merely 1.8pJ/pulse with a 100MHz pulse repeating frequency (PRF) at 1V supply, extremely short and programmable pulse width ranging from 150ps to 350ps while covering the full 3.1-10.6GHz UWB spectrum, and a very small area of 0.0068mm2. It supports up to 6Gbps data rate for UWB wireless streaming. A new FCC-aware Gaussian PG design optimization method is discussed and verified experimentally. |
| 52 | E. Talole, P. Kolhe, B. Phadke, "Extended State Observer based Control of Flexible Joint System with Experimental Validation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper a Feedback Linearization (FL) based control law made implementable using Extended State Observer (ESO) is proposed for the trajectory tracking control of a flexible joint robotic system. The FL based controller cannot be implemented unless the full transformed state vector is available. The design also requires exact knowledge of the system model making the controller performance sensitive to uncertainties. To address these issues, an ESO is designed which estimates the state vector as well as the uncertainties in an integrated manner. The FL controller uses the states estimated by ESO and the effect of uncertainties is compensated by augmenting the FL controller with the ESO estimated uncertainties. Closed loop stability of the system under the proposed observer-controller structure is established. The effectiveness of the ESO in estimation of the states and uncertainties and effectiveness of the FL+ESO controller in tracking is demonstrated through simulations. Lastly, the efficacy of the proposed approach is validated through experimentation on Quansers flexible joint module. |
| 53 | J Le Besnerais, V Lanfranchi, M Hecquet, P Brochet, "Characterization and reduction of audible magnetic noise due to PWM supply in induction machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper derives the analytical characterization of Maxwell radial vibrations due to Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) supply in induction machines, and especially in traction motors supplied with an asynchronous switching frequency. The number of nodes and the velocity of these particular force waves are experimentally validated by visualizing some operational deflection shapes of the stator. It is shown that according to the switching frequency, these forces can be responsible for high magnetic noise levels during starting and braking. A simple rule to avoid PWM noise is then proposed, and applied to an industrial traction motor. Experimental results show that the choice of the switching frequency can have a 15 dB impact on the sound power level emitted by the motor during starting, and that a lower switching frequency can sometimes lead to lower magnetic noise. In agreement with analytical predictions, the new proposed switching frequency that avoids resonances between PWM exciting forces and corresponding stator modes reduces magnetic noise of 5 dB during starting. |
| 54 | J. Talj, D Hissel, R Ortega, M Becherif, M Hilairet, "Experimental validation of a PEM fuel cell reduced order model and a moto-compressor higher order sliding mode control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert the chemical energy of a gaseous fuel directly into electricity. They are widely regarded as potential future stationary and mobile power sources. The response of a fuel cell system depends on the air and hydrogen feed, flow and pressure regulation, and, heat and water management. In this paper, the study is concentrated on the air subsystem that feeds the fuel cell cathode with oxygen. Proceeding from a 4-th order model representing the air subsystem of a PEM fuel cell, a reduced 3-rd order model is presented. Simulations show that the relative error caused by this reduction doesnt exceed 5%. Experimental validation has been done on a 33kW PEM fuel cell, for both 4-th and reduced 3-rd order models with less than 5% relative error. Additionally, a higher order sliding mode, super-twisting algorithm, with a well-known heuristic modification using variable gains, has been designed and validated experimentally to control a permanent magnet synchronous motor that drives a volumetric compressor (double screw) designed to feed the 33kW fuel cell with air. |
| 55 | F Marcia-Perez, A. Gil-Martinez-Abarca, H Ramos-Morillo, J. Mora-Gimeno, D Marcos-Jorquera, V Gilart-Iglesias, "Wake on LAN over Internet as Web Service System on Chip," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 56 | M Ben Smida, F Ben Ammar, "Modelling and DBC-PSC-PWM Control of a Three-phase Flying Capacitor Stacked Multilevel Voltage Source Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper authors propose a mathematical model for a new topology called SMC Stacked Multicell Converter. Each phase of the SMCnØm multilevel inverter is formed by a stack of m flying capacitor multilevel inverter, each stack or stage is realised by connecting in series n controllable commutation cells. An original multi-carrier subharmonic pulse width modulation DBC-PSC-PWM method is developed to produce (nØm+1) output voltage levels and to improve the output voltage harmonic spectrum with a wide output frequency range. A diagram state machine is then used to decode the DBC-PSC-PWM modulator and distribute the commutations evenly to each inverter cell in a cyclical fashion. To carry out in practice the SMCnØm modulation technique, the implementation of the modulation control strategy has been done in Field Programmed Gate Array circuit (FPGA) XC4010E+ of XILINX to control a three phase SMC3Ø2 seven level inverter and the experimental results are carried out to confirm the high performance of this inverter. |
| 57 | M Malinowski, K Gopakumar, J Rodriquez, M Perez, "A Survey on Cascaded Multilevel Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Cascaded multilevel inverters synthesize a mediumvoltage output based on the series connection of power cells which use standard low-voltage components configurations. This characteristic allows to achieve high quality output voltages and input currents, and also an outstanding availability due to theirs intrinsic components redundancy. Due to these features the cascaded multilevel inverter has been recognized as an important alternative in the medium-voltage inverters market. This paper presents a survey of different topologies, control and modulation techniques used by these inverters. Regenerative and advanced topologies are also discussed. Applications where the mentioned features play a key role are shown. Finally, future developments are addressed. |
| 58 | Z Low, J Casanova, P Maier, J Taylor, R Chinga, J Lin, "Method of Load/Fault Detection for Loosely Coupled Planar Wireless Power Transfer System with Power Delivery Tracking," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A method to determine various operating modes of a high-efficiency inductive wireless power transfer system which is capable of supporting more than one receiver is proposed. The three operating modes are no-load, safe and fault modes. The detection scheme probes the transmitter circuitry periodically to determine the operating mode. For power saving, the transmitter is powered down when there is no valid receiver placed on the transmitting coil. If any conductive or magnetic object that can affect the total effective inductance of the transmitting coil is located nearby, the system will enter the fault mode and shut down the transmitter so that it will not be damaged. The safe mode is the nominal operation mode when power transmission efficiency is high with minimum power loss and zero voltage switching (ZVS) operation of the class E transmitter is achieved. Determination of the operating mode is achieved by analyzing the transmitting coil voltage and supply current space, requiring no communication link between the transmitter and receiver. The linear relationship between the power delivery and the supply current can be used to calculate the power delivered to the load(s). |
| 59 | G Foo, M Rahman, "Sensorless Sliding Mode MTPA Control of an IPM Synchronous Motor Drive Using a Sliding Mode Observer and HF Signal Injection," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a nonlinear sliding mode speed control scheme for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives incorporating the maximum-torque-per-ampere (MTPA) trajectory. The drive uses an adaptive sliding mode observer for rotor speed estimation. Global asymptotic stability of both the controller and observer are guaranteed by Lyapunov stability analysis. Very low speed and standstill performance of the drive is further enhanced by combining high frequency signal injection with the sliding mode observer. Hence, the sensorless drive is capable of exhibiting high dynamic and steady-state performances over a wide speed range. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
| 60 | T Sasaki, D Brscic, H Hashimoto, "Human Observation Based Extraction of Path Patterns for Mobile Robot Navigation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a mobile robot navigation method based on observation of human walking is presented. The proposed method extracts paths that are frequently used by human and builds a topological map of the environment from the observed human walking paths. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed method enables us to generate paths which are practical, have no obstacles and are natural for humans since the paths reflect the motion of persons. For realizing the human observation in a large area, in this paper, multiple vision sensors are placed in the space. By using distributed sensors, people can be observed even when the robot is not near them, or if they are hidden behind obstacles. Mobile robot navigation based on the topological map is also performed with the support of the distributed sensors. The global position of the mobile robot can be directly measured by using external sensors, which makes the localization problem much easier. Based on the position information, the mobile robot can follow the generated paths and reach the goal point while avoiding obstacles. |
| 61 | O Spinka, O Holub, Z Hanzalek, "Low-Cost Reconfigurable Control System for Small UAVs," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A case study of an open-source, low-cost, reconfigurable autopilot design for small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (the RAMA control system) is presented in this paper. A novel distributed hierarchical architecture, implementing graceful degradation and run-time system reconfiguration techniques, is introduced. RAMA is capable of reconfiguration in case of emergency, meaning that the most critical functions, needed for vehicle controllability, can be taken over by another node of the system if the primary node fails, sacrificing some non-critical functionality. RAMA also utilizes a novel control scheme and controller implementation. Some of the results, obtained during several hundred test flights performed so far, are presented at the end. |
| 62 | R Gupta, A Ghosh, A Joshi, "Multi-band Hysteresis Modulation and Switching Characterization for Sliding Mode Controlled Cascaded Multilevel Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a generalized multi-band hysteresis modulation and its characterization has been proposed for the sliding mode control of a cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (CHBMLI) controlled systems. A frequency domain method is proposed for the determination of the net hysteresis band-width for a given desired maximum switching frequency of the inverter. The switching transition concept of Tsypkins method and describing function of nonlinear relay has been used for the derivation of the results. A hierarchical switching algorithm has been suggested for the modular cells of the cascaded multilevel inverter. The hierarchy of each cell is swapped sequentially to provide the self balancing capability, in case the dc link voltage is supported by the capacitors. The simulation and experimental verification of the derived results is provided through a singlephase distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) model. Application in three-phase system has been shown through the simulation studies on a 3.3 kV distribution system compensation using DSTATCOM. Verification on both single and three-phase systems is obtained using five-level cascaded multilevel inverter topology. |
| 63 | N Vazquez, H Lopez, C Hernandez, E Vazquez, R Osorio, J Arau, "A Different Multilevel Current Source Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: DC/AC converters are widely used in several applications; traditionally they can be classified in two types: the voltage source inverters (VSI) and the current source inverters (CSI). Their use depends on the application; however some of them are common for both types of converters. Other possibility for the DC/AC conversion is the multilevel configuration, and the most analyzed is the VSI. In this paper a different multilevel current source inverter (MCSI) is proposed: the paralleled configuration. To control the converter a different sinusoidal pulse with modulation is employed, it consists of modifying the reference signal instead of using multiple carriers; additionally a balancing method for the inductors current is given. The operation, analysis and implementation are presented; also simulation and experimental results are shown |
| 64 | C Hu, B Yao, Q Wang, "Coordinated Adaptive Robust Contouring Control of an Industrial Biaxial Precision Gantry with Cogging Force Compensations," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Cogging force is an important source of disturbances for linear-motor-driven systems. To obtain a higher level of contouring motion control performance for multi-axes mechanical systems subject to significant nonlinear cogging forces, both the coordinated control of multi-axes motions and the effective compensation of cogging forces are necessary. In addition, the effect of unavoidable velocity measurement noises needs to be sufficiently attenuated. This paper presents a discontinuous projection based desired compensation adaptive robust contouring controller to address these control issues all at once. Specifically, the presented approach explicitly takes into account the specific characteristics of cogging forces in the controller designs and employs the task coordinate formulation for coordinated motion controls. Theoretically, the resulting controller achieves a guaranteed transient performance and stead-state contouring accuracy even in the presence of both parametric uncertainties and uncertain nonlinearities. In addition, the controller also achieves asymptotic output tracking when there are parametric uncertainties only. Comparative experimental results obtained on a high-speed Anorad industrial biaxial precision gantry are presented to verify the excellent contouring performance of the proposed control scheme and the effectiveness of the cogging force compensations. |
| 65 | R Stala, "The Switch-Mode Flying Capacitor DC/DC Converters With Improved Natural Balancing," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents investigations of voltage sharing stabilization with the use of passive RLC circuit in switch-mode flying capacitor dc/dc converters. Practical and simulation results and also mathematical analysis of balancing process in boost and buck-boost converters are presented. Analyzed converters use additional capacitors (flying capacitors), charged to proper value, for decreasing voltage on switches and increasing the inductor current frequency. Such advantages are achieved under proper voltage sharing on the flying capacitors. The voltages are stabilized in a natural way by the load current and with the use of external RLC circuit to force current that flows through converters capacitors under unbalance state. The paper focuses on the analysis of the balancing phenomenon with the use of the external RLC circuit in these topologies. The balancing booster improves the balancing process in these converters, making it independent on the load. It can also reduce oscillations that arise in the converters in transient states. |
| 66 | T Orlowska-Kowalska, K Szabat, M Kaminski, "Implementation of the Sliding Mode Controller with an Integral Function and Fuzzy Gain Value for Electrical Drive with Elastic Joint," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a modified sliding mode structure implemented for speed control of the two-mass drive. A characteristic feature of the presented control method is higher rank of the switching function caused by the application of an integral element (Sliding Mode with an Integral function control). The proposed control system is a combination of a sliding mode controller and a linear controller. Furthermore, to eliminate the chattering phenomenon related to the sliding mode control, a switching function with a variable slope based on the fuzzy system is implemented. This solution ensures robustness and dynamics of two-mass drive better than with a linear speed controller. The main stages of the design methodology of the presented speed control structure are described in the initial sections of the paper. In the subsequent sections simulation and experimental tests for the proposed control structure are presented and discussed. |
| 67 | D.-Y. Kim, H.-S. Jo, H Yoon, C Mun, B.-J. Jang, J.-G. Yook, "Reverse-Link Interrogation Range of a UHF MIMO-RFID System in Nakagami-m Fading Channels," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the reverse-link interrogation range (RIR) of ultra-high frequency (UHF) band passive radio frequency identification (RFID) is analyzed for single-input and single-output (SISO) and multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems with maximal-ratio combining (MRC) in the pinhole channel, where each channel is modeled as an arbitrary correlated Nakagami-m distribution. Under assumptions of perfect channel estimation and no interference, the closed-form expression of average RIR is derived, involving the various parameters such as the number of antenna, correlation, reader structure, and Nakagami-m shaping factor. The results show that the employment of multiple antennas at a reader causes the received SNR to change favorably and contributes to the improvement of the average RIR. Particularly for the bi-static structure and the Rayleigh fading (m = 0 dB), a 3 x 3 MIMO-RFID system can achieve 60 % gain in the average RIR compared to the SISO-RFID system. In order to consider more realistic environments, finally, we investigated the influence of interference and imperfect channel estimation on the average RIR of the MIMO-RFID system in the uncorrelated Rayleigh fading channel. |
| 68 | Y Hinago, H Koizumi, "A Single Phase Multilevel Inverter Using Switched Series/Parallel DC Voltage Sources," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel multilevel inverter with a small number of switching devices is proposed. It consists of an H-bridge and an inverter which outputs multilevel voltage by switching the dc voltage sources in series and in parallel. The proposed inverter can output more number of voltage levels in the same number of the switching devices by using this conversion. The number of gate driving circuits is reduced, which leads to the reduction of the size and power consumption in the driving circuits. The total harmonic of the output waveform is also reduced. The proposed inverter is driven by the hybrid modulation (HM) method. In this paper, the circuit configuration, the theoretical operation, Fourier analysis, simulation results with MATLAB/ SIMULINK and the experimental results are shown. The experimental results accorded with the simulation results. |
| 69 | D. C. Ludois, J Reed, G Venkataramanan, "Hierarchical Control of Bridge of Bridge Multilevel Power Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multilevel converters are among the family of power converter topologies for realizing higher power levels and better waveform quality. In addition to established topologies of the neutral point clamped three level converter and cascaded H-bridge converters, novel topologies that offer attractive features such as ease of modularity and functionality continue to be introduced. Among these, the Bridge-of-Bridge multilevel converters have the potential for realizing multi-megawatt systems with ease. This paper is aimed at presenting a systematic approach to developing their dynamic and steady state models, leading to a hierarchical control approach that is intuitive to realize and versatile in application. The paper presents the dynamic model, steady state model, and computer simulations that demonstrate the approach in dc-1$phi$/ac and 3$phi$/ac-3$phi$/ac power conversion applications. Experimental validation of the models using a dc-1$phi$/ac asymmetric half bridge converter is presented. |
| 70 | F Gao, P. C. Loh, F Blaabjerg, D. M. Vilathgamuwa, "Five-Level Current Source Inverters With Buck-Boost and Inductive Current Balancing Capabilities," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents new five-level current source inverters (CSIs) with voltage/current buck-boost capability, unlike existing five-level CSIs where only voltage-boost operation is supported. The proposed inverters attain self inductive current balancing per switching cycle at their dc front ends without having to include additional balancing hardware or complex control manipulation. The inverters can conveniently be controlled by using the well-established phase-shifted carrier modulation scheme with only two additional linear references and a mapping logic table needed. Existing modulators can therefore be conveniently retrofitted for controlling the presented inverters. By appropriately coordinating the inverter gating signals, their implementations can be realized by using the least number of components without degrading performance. These enhanced features of the inverters have already been verified in simulation and experimentally using a scale-down laboratory platform. |
| 71 | H.-C. Yen, "Analysis of Balancing Driver for Multiple Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel topology to drive the cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) for liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in a direct-type backlight module. The topology is capable of driving an even number of lamps with identical current without additional balancing circuits, thereby significantly reducing the display?s size, weight, and cost. Aiming at alleviating the influence of parasitic capacitance and thus balancing the lamp currents and light output, the proposed topology comprises series CCFLs and the secondary sides of transformers, takes the leakage inductances of the transformer and the parasitic capacitances of the metal back-plank as a resonance tank, and provides both ends of lamps the voltages of equal magnitude and opposite phase. A prototype of the multi-CCFLs driver is designed and built for a backlight module with 14 lamps in a 32-inch LCD. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the current balance topology. |
| 72 | S Arogeti, D Wang, C Low, "Mode Identification of Hybrid Systems in the Presence of Fault," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A mode identification method for hybrid system diagnosis is proposed. The method is presented as a module of a quantitative health monitoring framework for hybrid system. After fault occurrence, the fault is detected and isolated. The next step is fault parameters estimation, where the size of the fault is identified. Fault parameter estimation is based on data collected from the hybrid system while the system is faulty, and its dynamical model is partially unknown. Hybrid systems dynamics consist of continuous behavior and discrete states represented by modes. Fault parameter estimation requires knowledge of the monitored system operating mode. The new method utilizes the partially known dynamical model to identify hybrid system modes in the presence of a single parametric fault. |
| 73 | J Weber, E Oruklu, J Saniie, "FPGA-based Configurable Frequency-Diverse Ultrasonic Target Detection System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we present FPGA-based configurable architectures that are able to perform frequency-diverse target detection for real-time ultrasonic imaging. Three design methodologies are explored including the execution of the detection algorithm on an embedded microprocessor, the creation of a dedicated hardware solution, and the use of hardware/software co-design principles. In addition to the design flow, this paper presents the impact of parameter changes on the detection algorithm performance and FPGA implementation results. Experimental studies show that the proposed configurable systems are able to meet real-time operation requirements and the algorithm performs robustly. |
| 74 | C Pukdeboon, A Zinober, M Thein, "Quasi-Continuous Higher-Order Sliding Mode Controllers for Spacecraft Attitude Tracking Manoeuvres," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper studies higher-order sliding mode control laws to deal with some spacecraft attitude tracking problems. Second and third order quasi-continuous sliding controllers and differentiators are applied to quaternion-based spacecraft attitude tracking manoeuvres. A class of linear sliding manifolds is selected as a function of angular velocities and quaternion errors. The second method of Lyapunov is used to show that tracking is achieved globally. An example of multiaxial attitude tracking manoeuvres is presented and simulation results are included to verify and compare the practical usefulness of the various controllers. |
| 75 | G. Elliott, S. Raabe, G. Covic, J. Boys, "Multi-Phase Pick-Ups for Large Lateral Tolerance Contactless Power Transfer Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The majority of commercial contactless power transfer systems used in manufacturing applications can only tolerate limited movement of the power pick-up relative to the track to which it is magnetically coupled. This paper describes a new multiphase (quadrature) pick-up that significantly improves the tolerance of the power receiver to such relative movement, enabling expanded applications such as continuously powered AGV's, robots and vehicles to be considered. The advantage gained is largely independent of the track type, so that single-phase or multi-phase tracks can be used as desired to improve both the power transfer and lateral tolerance as required. The improvement is achieved through capturing both vertical and horizontal components of magnetic flux around any track. |
| 76 | H. Dong, F. Hussain, E. Chang, "A Service Search Engine for the Industrial Digital Ecosystems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A Digital Ecosystem (DE) is comprised of heterogeneous and distributed species which can play the dual role of service provider and service requester. Today DE lacks semantic search support, which means it cannot provide a reliable and trustworthy link between service providers and service requesters. To solve this issue, we design a conceptual framework of a service-ontology-based semantic service search engine. Apart from the function of search with a novel search model, this framework also provides a quality-of-services (QoS)- based service evaluation and ranking methodology. To evaluate the feasibility of our framework, we implement a prototype in the transport service domain, and compare the performance of the search models with three traditional information retrieval models. The conclusion to this evaluation and suggestions for future works are provided in the final section. |
| 77 | K Suwanratchatamanee, M Matsumoto, S Hashimoto, "Haptic Sensing Foot System for Humanoid Robot and Ground Recognition with One Leg Balance," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a haptic sensing foot system for humanoid robot. The two different kinds of implementations are investigated: One is an active tactile sensing technique to recognize a contacting ground slope. The other is to balance the robot body with one leg for human-robot interaction. The proposed sensors are implemented on two robotic feet. Each sensing unit on each foot consists of three thin sheets of force sensitive resistors arranged triangularly with the peripheral circuits. The research objective is to produce an artifact which can be operated in a natural and intuitive manner by utilizing the control of a foot pose to keep the direction of the foot normal to the ground surface. Throughout these works, we aim to realize the tactile sensing foot to detect the ground slope for natural foot posture control in order to assist the biped walking robot to balance its body on various types of ground surfaces. In these applications, the information about the ground floor or orientation is not required in advance. |
| 78 | S. Rohner, S. Bernet, M. Hiller, R. Sommer, "Modulation, Losses and Semiconductor Requirements of Modular Multilevel Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the operation of the Modular Multilevel Converter (M2C), an emerging and highly attractive topology for medium and high voltage applications. A new pulse width modulation (PWM) scheme for an arbitrary number of voltage levels is introduced and evaluated. On the basis of this pulse width modulation scheme, the semiconductor losses are calculated and the loss distribution is illustrated. |
| 79 | L. Gomes, J. Lourenco, "Rapid Prototyping of Graphical User Interfaces for Petri Net-Based Controllers," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a tool framework allowing the rapid prototyping of an animated synoptic application associated with an embedded system controller. The motto for developing this tool framework is to be able to automatically generate controllers with associated graphical user interface without writing a line of execution code; instead, the tool framework will provide specific aids allowing the designer to define the controller behavior and associated graphical user interface (including static parts and intended dynamics). The behavior of the controller is described through a low-level Petri nets model, and the tool framework supports the definition of characteristics for the intended graphical user interface and the association of the characteristics of the Petri net behavioral model with specific characteristics of the graphical user interface through a set of dedicated rules. Two main tools are described. The first one, named as "Animator", allows an interactive definition of the graphical characteristics of the synoptic and automatic code generation. The second one, named as "Synoptic", is responsible for the embedded control execution part, integrating real-time up-dating of the graphical user interface. The application of the tool framework to a simple automation system is presented, namely to the controller of a manufacturing system composed by a four cell first-in-first-out system. |
| 80 | A. Rojko, D. Hercog, K. Jezernik, "Power Engineering and Motion Control Web Laboratory: Design, Implementation and Evaluation of Mechatronics Course," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: During the EDIPE (E-learning Distance Interactive Practical Education) project, thirteen partners from eleven European countries joined together to build a power engineering and motion control remote laboratory, which would offer 18 complete online courses with remote experiments and high quality documentation, to students from the universities of all participating partners. The major benefit of this project is the possibility of sharing expensive equipment and lessening the burdens of technical and organizational problems. This paper outlines the project's goals, organization and, as an example, realization of one of the project's modules. The described module is a mechatronics motion control course, which explains the most important aspects of motion control design, from modelling, simulations, control design, experimental validation, and comparison between various controllers. The technical solutions, educational strategy, and realization details are given for the module. The pilot testing of the module was performed to assess the module and find out what the students' personal attitude concerning e-learning and remote experiments. The results of testing are presented and discussed. |
| 81 | C Mitsantisuk, S Katsura, K Ohishi, "Force Control of Human-Robot Interaction Using Twin Direct-Drive Motor System Based on Modal Space Design," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Future robot systems are required to focus on developing more flexible systems for use with human operator. These robots must operate more slowly and be more compliant to safe user interaction. This paper proposes an improved design methodology for the human-robot interaction system. The main contribution of the work described in the paper is the design of dual disturbance observers combined with modal space design for the twin direct-drive motor system. Two of the same direct-drive motors are required and connected by wire rope mechanism. Since both direct-drive motors have almost the same value of the friction effect and other nonlinearities, it is easy for the proposed system to compensate these deterioration effects. The proposed force control system is independently controlled in acceleration dimension by realizing the system based on common mode and differential mode. In the common mode, it is utilized for control of vibration suppression and wire rope tension. Moreover, the bandwidth and the stiffness of mechanism can be regulated by changing the wire rope tension control. In the differential mode, the purity of human external force with compensation of friction force is obtained. This mode is useful for control of the interaction force of human. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental results. |
| 82 | G Spagnuolo, N Femia, A De Nardo, "OPTIMAL BUCK CONVERTER OUTPUT FILTER DESIGN FOR POINT-OF-LOAD APPLICATIONS," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel method to design the output filter of low-voltage/high-current buck dc-dc switching regulators. The method is based on the concept of Acceptability Boundary Curves (ABCs). ABCs are the curves bounding the regions in the space of parameters including commercial components which ensure acceptable output voltage ripple and load-transient surge based on design specifications. ABCs help in quickly finding trade-off design solutions as well as in better understanding functional correlations among power components. Examples regarding buck converters for Point-Of- Load applications are discussed to highlight flexibility and reliability of the ABC-based design method. Experimental measurements confirm analytical results and numerical predictions. |
| 83 | K. Jin, Y. Sun, M. Xu, D. Sterk, F. Lee, "Integrated Magnetic Self-Driven ZVS Non-Isolated Full Bridge Converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a high efficiency high power density voltage regulator (VR). An integrated magnetic self-driven full bridge topology is employed as the main circuit. The proposed VR runs at a 700kHz switching frequency for a 1U form factor. A novel synchronous rectifier drive method is used to achieve high efficiency. The DCR current-sensing method is used for the integrated transformer to achieve adaptive voltage position (AVP). Compared with the traditional multi-phase buck converter, the proposed solution has higher efficiency, a smaller passive component footprint, and lower device cost. A 1U 700kHz VR prototype is built in the lab, and it achieves 88.2% efficiency at 1.2V/130A output. The experimental result verifies the theoretical analysis. |
| 84 | C. Dai, W. Chen, Y. Zhu, "Seeker Optimization Algorithm for Digital IIR Filter Design," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Since the error surface of digital IIR filter is generally nonlinear and multi-modal, global optimization techniques are required in order to avoid local minima. In this work, a seeker optimization algorithm (SOA) based evolutionary method is proposed for digital IIR filter design. The SOA is based on the concept of simulating the act of human searching in which search direction is based on the empirical gradient by evaluating the response to the position changes and step length is based on uncertainty reasoning by using a simple Fuzzy rule. The algorithm's performance is studied with comparison of three versions of differential evolution (DE) algorithms, four versions of particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms and genetic algorithm (GA). The simulation results show that the SOA is superior or comparable to the other algorithms for the employed examples, and can be efficiently used for IIR filter design. |
| 85 | V. Machado, A. Doria Neto, J. Dantas de Melo, "A Neural Network MultiAgent Architecture Applied to Industrial Networks for Dynamic Allocation of Control Strategies using Standard Function Blocks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a multiagent architecture applied to factory automation. These agents detect faults in automated processes and allocate intelligent algorithms in field device function blocks to solve these faults. We also present a dynamic Function Block (FB) parameter exchange strategy that allows agent fieldbus allocation. This architecture is a FIPA (Foundations of Intelligent Physical Agents) standard-based agent platform developed using Foundation Fieldbus technology. The aim is to enable problem detection activities, independent of user intervention. The use of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) - based algorithms enables the agents to learn about fault patterns and adapt an algorithm that can be used in fault situations. Thus, we intend to reduce supervisor intervention in selecting and implementing an appropriate structure for function block algorithms. Furthermore, these algorithms, when implemented in device function blocks, provide a solution at the fieldbus level, reducing data traffic between gateway and device, and speeding up the process of problem resolution. We also show some examples of our approach. The first is a neural network architecture change that allocates different types of neural networks in field devices without interrupting the fieldbus network operation. The second shows a multiagent architecture that implements the neural network change in a laboratory test process, where fault scenarios have been simulated. |
| 86 | K. Jin, M. Yang, X. Ruan, M. Xu, "Three-Level Bi-Directional Converter for Fuel Cell/Battery Hybrid Power System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel three-level bi-directional converter is proposed in this paper. Compared with the traditional bidirectional converter, the inductor of the three-level bidirectional converter can be reduced significantly, so that the dynamic response is greatly improved. Hence, the proposed converter is very suitable for fuel cell/battery hybrid power systems. In additional, the voltage stress on the switch of the proposed converter is only half of the voltage on the high voltage side, so it is also suitable for high voltage application. The operation principle and the implementation of the control circuit are presented in detail. This paper also proposes a novel bidirectional soft start control strategy for the bi-directional converter. A 1kW prototype converter is built to verify the theoretical analysis. |
| 87 | T. Orlowska-Kowalska, M. Dybkowski, "Stator Current-based MRAS Estimator for Wide Range Speed-Sensorless Induction Motor Drive," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper deals with an analysis of the vector controlled induction motor drive with a novel MRAS-type rotor speed estimator. A stability analysis method of this novel MRAS estimator is shown. The influence of equivalent circuit parameter changes of the induction motor on the pole placement of the estimator transfer function and stability of the whole drive system is analyzed and tested. The influence of the adaptation algorithm coefficients of the MRAS estimator scheme is also tested. The allowable range of motor parameter changes is determined, which guarantees the stable operation of the sensorless field oriented induction motor drive with this speed and flux estimator. Dynamical performances of the vector control system with the current-type MRAS estimator are tested in a laboratory set-up. |
| 88 | W Lan, C Thum, B Chen, "A Hard Disk Drive Servo System Design Using Composite Nonlinear Feedback Control With Optimal Nonlinear Gain Tuning Methods," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper investigates the design of composite nonlinear feedback (CNF) control law for a hard disk drive (HDD) servo system. First, a scaled nonlinear function is introduced for the CNF control law, in which a parameter is scaled by the error between the amplitude of the target reference and the initial value of the system controlled output. The closed-loop system under the scaled function has robust transient performance to the variation of the amplitude of the target reference. Then, the parameters of the selected nonlinear function are tuned by optimal tuning methods. More specifically, the parameter tuning problem is formulated as an optimization problem, which can be solved efficiently via numerical methods. The simulation and experiment results show that the control law designed using the new approach yields excellent performance for both track seeking and track following in the hard disk drive servo system. |
| 89 | J Carmo, P Mendes, C Couto, J Correia, "A 2.4 GHz CMOS Short-Range Wireless Sensor Network Interface for Automotive Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a CMOS interface for short-range wireless sensor networks (CMOS-SRWSN interface). The sensor interface is composed by the sensor readout, electronics for processing and control, memory, a RF CMOS transceiver for operation in the 2.4 GHz ISM band and a planar antenna. The receiver has a sensitivity of -60 dBm and consumes 6.3 mW from 1.8 V supply. The transmitter delivers an output power of 0 dBm with a power consumption of 11.2 mW. The application of the CMOS-SRWSN interface is in automotive industry for reduction of the cables and to support the information, communication and entertainment systems in cars. |
| 90 | B Ugurlu, A Kawamura, "ZMP-Based Online Jumping Pattern Generation for a One Legged Robot," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper is aimed at presenting a method to generate online jumping patterns, which can be applied to one legged jumping robots and optionally to humanoid robots. Our proposed method is based on ensuring the overall dynamic balance through the complete jumping cycle. To be able to reach this goal, we discretized the ZMP equation in polar coordinates so that we are able to include angular momentum information in a natural way. Thus, undesired torso angle fluctuation is expected to be more restrainable comparing to other methods in which angular momentum information is ignored or zero-referenced. Moreover, we unified support and flight phases in terms of motion generation. Having obtained successful simulation results and vertical jumping experiments in our previous work, we conducted forward jumping experiments. As the result, we obtained successful and repetitive jumping cycles, which satisfactorily verify the proposed method. |
| 91 | A Yazdanpanah Goharrizi, N Sepehri, "A Wavelet-Based Approach to Internal Seal Damage Diagnosis in Hydraulic Actuators," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the application of wavelet transform to detect internal leakage in hydraulic actuators, caused by seal damage. The method analyses pressure signal at one side of the actuator in response to periodic step inputs to the control valve. It is shown that the detailed version of decomposed pressure signal, using discrete wavelet transform, establishes feature patterns that can effectively detect internal leakage and its severity. The proposed scheme requires a baseline (threshold) value, predetermined first, by analyzing pressure signal of the healthy actuator. Once the root mean square (RMS) of the level two detail coefficient values, obtained from the measured pressure signals in subsequent off-line tests, fall below this baseline, a fault alarm is triggered. Furthermore, the degree of changes of the RMS value from the one obtained under normal operating condition indicates the severity of fault. Experimental tests show promising results for detecting internal leakages as low as 0.124 lit/min, representing approximately 2.6% reduction of flow rate available to move the actuator. This is done without a need to model the actuator or leakage. Other methods of leakage fault diagnosis require the model of the actuator or leakage fault. Furthermore, no other method reported internal leakage detection of magnitude as low as the one reported in this paper. |
| 92 | S Kwak, "A Review of Switch-Mode Sustain Drivers With Resonant Networks for Plasma Display Panels," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the last thirty years, industrial and academic researches have matured plasma display panels to the successful product level for commercial flat screen television sets. Along with development of panel manufacturing technology, recent advances in the development of electronics circuitry drivers have paved the way for achieving better performance, higher efficiency, and lower cost. A substantial number of notable driver topologies have been developed, however, most of the presented works have been focused on their own topology and operational principles without giving overall impressions related with other works. This paper is an attempt to provide insights into these diverse drivers of the plasma display panels by presenting an overview of the topologies. The driver configurations are classified based on the resonant energy source, the connecting type of resonant networks, and the number of levels of panel voltage. Selected drivers in each class are analyzed and key structural characteristics are identified. Issues related to the practical implementation are also discussed. |
| 93 | F Liu, J Yan, X Ruan, "Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching PWM Combined Three-Level DC/DC Converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a zero-voltage and zero-current-switching (ZVZCS) PWM combined three-level (TL) dc/dc converter, which is a combination of a ZVZCS PWM TL converter with a ZVZCS PWM full-bridge converter. The proposed converter has advantages as follows: all power switches suffer only half of the input voltage, the voltage across the output filter is very close to the output voltage, which can reduce the output filter inductance significantly, the voltage stress of the rectifier diodes is reduced too, so the converter is very suitable for high input voltage and wide input voltage range applications. The converter also can achieve ZVS for the leading switches and ZCS for the lagging switches in a wide load range to achieve higher efficiency. The design considerations and procedures are presented in this paper. The operation principle and characteristics of the proposed converter are analyzed and verified on a 400V-800V input and 54V/20A output prototype. |
| 94 | M Heldwein, J Biela, H Ertl, J Kolar, "Implementation of a Transformer-Less Common Mode Active Filter for Off-Line Converter Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work presents a study and practical implementation of an active filter employing a high frequency power amplifier and passive filter components to be connected to the AC power lines in order to mitigate common mode conducted emissions of three-phase PWM converter systems. The filter topology is chosen from different possibilities listed in a literature survey and studied regarding practical implementation issues, where requirements for a high frequency power amplifier to be applied in active filtering are derived. Special attention is put on the stability analysis where the challenges for the feedback are discussed and a simple feedback structure is proposed. Other feedback concepts are analyzed and limitations posed by stability requirements are presented. A prototype is designed and built, from which mathematical and experimental results are obtained demonstrating the potential and limitations of such a system. |
| 95 | K Hwu, Y Yau, "Voltage-Boosting Converter Based on Charge Pump and Coupling Inductor With Passive Voltage Clamping," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new voltage-boosting converter, combining the charge pump and the coupling inductor, together with a passive voltage-clamping circuit which pumps part of the leakage inductance energy to the output, is presented herein. Therefore, by doing so, the efficiency tends to be flat between the minimum load and the rated load, similar to the behavior of the KY converter. Besides, the implementation of the passive voltage-clamping circuit for this converter with the multi-phase is very easy. In this paper, some mathematical derivations are given firstly, and secondly simulated and experimental results are provided to verify the effectiveness of the proposed voltage-boosting converter topology. |
| 96 | H Dibowski, J Ploennigs, K Kabitzsch, "Automated Design of Building Automation Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The design of large building automation systems (BAS) with thousands of devices is a laborious task with a lot of recurrent work for identical automated rooms. The usage of prefabricated off-the-shelf devices and design patterns simplifies this task nowadays, but creates new interoperability problems. In result, the selection of devices is essential for a good system design, but is often limited by a lack of information. This paper introduces a novel automatic design approach for large BAS that covers the device selection, interoperability evaluation and composition of BAS. It follows a continuous top-down design with different levels of abstraction starting at requirement engineering and ending at a full-developed and industryspanning BAS design. |
| 97 | Y Qiu, H Liu, X Chen, "Digital Average Current-Mode Control of PWM DC-DC Converters Without Current Sensors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper introduces a digital average current-mode control technique for pulse width modulation (PWM) dc-dc converters which only rely on voltage sampling. The proposed approach is to estimate inductor current using first-order discrete-time low-pass filter, therefore the controller can calculate average inductor current in every switching cycle. As a novel technique of predictive average current control, it has been investigated by choosing an appropriate duty ratio to regulate valley inductor current firstly and then eliminating error between the estimated average inductor current and a reference current in succedent switching cycle. The algorithm is based on a two-loop control structure to achieve an accurate voltage regulation and is derived for three basic converters: buck, boost, and buck-boost. The validity of the proposed approach has been demonstrated by simulation and experimental results on a dc-dc boost converter. |
| 98 | J Rodriguez, S Bernet, P Steimer, I Lizama, "A Survey on Neutral Point Clamped Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Neutral Point Clamped (NPC) inverters are the most widely used topology of multilevel inverters in high power applications (several megawatts). This paper presents in a very simple way the basic operation and the most used modulation and control techniques developed to date. Special attention is payed to loss distribution in the semiconductors, and the Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) inverter is presented to overcome this problem. The paper discusses the main fields of application and presents some technological problems such as capacitor balance and losses. |
| 99 | P Lezana, J Rodriguez, J Pou, T Meynard, S Ceballos, F Richardeau, "Survey on Fault Operation on Multilevel Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Abstract not available |
| 100 | R Prieto, J Oliver, J Cobos, M Christini, "Magnetic Component Model for Planar Structures Based on Transmission Lines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Magnetic component models are quite complex if they take into consideration the variation of the field distribution in three-dimensional (3D) space. However, if the field distribution can be assumed to be one-dimensional (1D), the magnetic component models can be drastically simplified because it is feasible to obtain accurate analytical expressions based on the solution of the Maxwell equations for a 1D field distribution. The field distribution in magnetic components can be assumed to be 1D when the field depends on one of its coordinates and the dependency on the other coordinates is negligible. Therefore, classical 1D models have to be modified in order to be applied to planar transformers, because their magnetic field vector has a constant direction, but its magnitude is not constant along that direction. This work presents a 1D model for planar magnetic transformers. Some comparisons between 2D approaches and the proposed 1D model have been carried out in order to show the accuracy of the proposed method. |
| 101 | S Won, W Melek, F Golnaraghi, "A Kalman/Particle Filter-Based Position and Orientation Estimation Method Using a Position Sensor/Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Hybrid System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel methodology that estimates position and orientation using one position sensor and one IMU. The proposed method estimates orientation using a particle filter (PF) and estimates position and velocity using a Kalman filter (KF). In addition, an expert system is used to correct the angular velocity measurement errors. The experimental results show that the orientation errors using the proposed method are significantly reduced compared to the orientation errors obtained from an extended Kalman filter (EKF) approach. The improved orientation estimation using the proposed method leads to better position estimation accuracy. This paper studies the effects of the number of particles of the proposed filter and position sensor noise on the orientation accuracy. Furthermore, the experimental results show that the orientation of the proposed method converges to the correct orientation even when the initial orientation is completely unknown. |
| 102 | J Lee, J Kang, Y Jeong, "Single-Side Sustaining Technique for Plasma Display Panel Using Dual-Resonant Method," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new plasma display panel(PDP) single-side sustaining driver with dual-resonant technique is proposed. Since this circuit enables to keep the device voltage stresses same as those of conventional circuit that generates alternating sustaining pulses, it is helpful to reduce driver cost in single-side sustaining driver that suffers from high voltage stresses. To integrate the sustaining function into single-side with a single power source in the driver, the charge-pump method is adopted to make negative sustaining voltage and achieves dual-resonant energy recovery on sustaining mode by controlling the voltage level of energy storage capacitor. Also, a method to solve the address voltage increase that is defect of single-side driving is suggested. |
| 103 | I Peterlik, J Filipovic, "Distributed Construction of Configuration Spaces for Real-Time Haptic Deformation Modeling," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The haptic rendering is an important area of research enabling the user to employ the haptic perception in human-computer interaction. An important motivation here is to use the human touch to study the behaviour of various models. However, the high refresh rate needed for the stable haptic interaction on the one hand and high computational cost characteristic for the simulation of numerous phenomena on the other represent a big issue. In this paper, an approach based on the distributed construction of configuration spaces is presented. The main idea behind this approach is to profit from employing a high-performance environment (e. g. computational grid) to overcome or at least to moderate the high-frequency issue. The approach is presented using the non-linear deformation models, which are essential for realistic modeling of soft tissues. A distributed algorithm is presented and its properties are evaluated quantitatively. |
| 104 | H Xie, X Wang, L Lin, H Tang, Q Fang, H Zhao, S Wang, F Yao, A Wang, Y Zhou, "A 52mW 3.1-10.6GHz Fully Integrated Correlator for IR-UWB Transceivers in 0.18µm CMOS," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Correlators play key roles in impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) transceivers. Multiplier-based correlator performs correlation-type demodulation in addition to select desired UWB signals by correlating incoming pulses with templates. This paper reports design and implementation of a fully integrated low-power broadband multiplier-based correlator for a 3.1-10.6GHz full-band IR-UWB receiver in 0.18$mu$m CMOS that consists of an UWB multiplier core, two UWB pulse generators, single-ended-to-differential-ended converter, a first-order RC integrator with a 200MHz bandwidth, and a buffer. Measurement results confirm desired correlation-type demodulation and correlation functions with a conversion gain of 11.03dB, noise figure of 15.7dB, very low power consumption of 52mW and a 1-dB compression point of better than -0.8dBm over 7.5GHz bandwidth. |
| 105 | E Etien, C Chaigne, N Bensiali, "On the Stability of Full Adaptive Observer for Induction Motor in Regenerating Mode," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper, which deals with the stability of adaptive observers for induction motor in regenerating mode, proposes a new a approach consisting in describing the error system in state space representation. With this formulation, it is possible to establish a cartography of unstable eigenvalues in the torque/speed plane, thus simplifying the stability analysis. Moreover, a new stability criterion is defined and used to realize stabilizing designs based on the feedback gain as well as on the speed adaptation law. |
| 106 | M Cacciato, A Consoli, R Attanasio, F Gennaro, "Soft-switching Converter With HF Transformer for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the design, realization and performance evaluation of a single-phase 3kW DC/AC power converter, using an active bridge DC/DC converter and a Full Bridge DC/AC is introduced, presenting a novel solution on the industrial scenario for the considered application. The control algorithms, including the maximum power point tracking, paralleling to the grid, and converter switching signals are digitally implemented on a standard microcontroller. |
| 107 | C Chiu, "The Design and Implementation of a Wheeled Inverted Pendulum Using an Adaptive Output Recurrent Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel adaptive output recurrent cerebellar model articulation controller (AORCMAC) is utilized to control wheeled inverted pendulums (WIPs) that have a pendulum mounted on two coaxial wheels. This work focuses mainly on adopting a self-dynamic balancing control strategy for such WIPs. Since the AORCMAC captures system dynamics, it is superior to conventional cerebellar model articulation controllers (CMACs) in terms of efficient learning and dynamic response. The AORCMAC parameters are adjusted online using the dynamic gradient descent method. The learning rates of the AORCMAC are determined using an analytical method based on a Lyapunov function, such that system convergence is achieved. The variable and optimal learning rates are derived to achieve rapid tracking-error convergence. Two-wheeled inverted pendulum standing control is utilized to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed control system. Experimental results indicate that WIPs can stand upright stably with external disturbances via the proposed AORCMAC. |
| 108 | W Greenwell, A Vahidi, "Predictive Control of Voltage and Current in a Fuel Cell-Ultracapacitor Hybrid," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a system integration and control strategy for managing power transients on a NEXA Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) fuel cell with the assistance of an ultracapacitor module. The two degrees of freedom provided by use of two dc/dc converters enable independent low-level control of the DC BUS voltage and the current split between the fuel cell and ultracapacitor. The supervisory-level control objectives are to respond to rapid variations in load while minimizing damaging fluctuations in fuel cell current and maintaining the ultracapacitor charge (or voltage) within allowable bounds. Use of a model predictive control approach which optimally balances the distribution of power between the fuel cell and ultracapacitor while satisfying the constraints is shown to be an effective method for meeting the supervisory level objectives. The results are confirmed in experiments. |
| 109 | R Osorio Sanchez, N Vazquez, C Hernandez, E Rodriguez, S Pinto, M Juarez, "Electric Dynamic Modeling of HID Lamps for Electronic Ballast Design," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a non-linear model of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps based on electrical variables. The proposal, oriented to the engineering area, has special application for the design of electronic ballast. Parameters are obtained from straightforward measure of electrical variables as power, current and voltage in the lamp. The lamp resistance is obtained as a function of electrical power; which is estimated from Saha equation. This model, which can be simulated using software such as Simulink or Pspice, takes into account some important dynamic behaviors of HID lamps, normally omitted in some other models suggested in literature nowadays. Experimental and simulation results are shown. |
| 110 | S. Kim, W Lee, M Rho, S Park, "Effective Dead-Time Compensation Using a Simple Vectorial Disturbance Estimator in PMSM Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an effective on-line approach for dead-time compensation using a simple vectorial disturbance estimator in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drives. The proposed estimator can calculate the disturbance voltages, which are induced by dead time, by use of simple vector operations, i.e., inner and outer product of the flux linkage increments and unit back-EMF function. Then, to compensate the effect of dead time, the estimated disturbance voltages are feed-forwardly added to the current control loop. This method is applied to the 750W laboratory PMSM drive, to show its effectiveness. |
| 111 | H Zeineldin, M Salama, "Impact of Load Frequency Dependence on the NDZ and Performance of the SFS Islanding Detection Method," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Sandia Frequency Shift (SFS) falls under the active islanding detectionmethods that rely on frequency drift to detect an islanding condition for inverter based Distributed Generation (DG). Active islanding detection methods are commonly tested on constant RLC loads where the loads active power is directly proportional to the square of voltage and is independent on the system frequency. Since the SFS method relies primarily on frequency to detect islanding, the loads active power frequency dependence could have an impact on its performance and the non-detection zone (NDZ). In this paper, the impact of the loads active power frequency dependence on the performance of the SFS method, during an islanding condition, is analyzed. A NDZ model that takes into account the loads frequency dependence parameter is derived mathematically and validated through digital simulation. The results show that the loads frequency dependence has a significant impact on the NDZ of the SFS method and thus is an important factor to consider when designing and testing this method. |
| 112 | D Floricau, G Gateau, A Leredde, "New Active Stacked NPC Multilevel Converter: Operation and Features," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the paper the operation and the features of a new three-level converterare presented. The proposed topology was named 3L-ASNPC (Active Stacked NPC). It is derivative of the 3L-SNPC structure having two additional active switches antiparallel connected with the clamp diodes. The main advantage of 3L-ASNPC converter is the reduction of the average switching frequency for all power devices. In the same time, the apparent switching frequency of the output voltage is doubled. Experimental and simulation results are shown in order to validate the proposed structure and the analysis of the switching states. |
| 113 | J Zhang, Y Xia, "Design of Static Output Feedback Sliding Mode Control for Uncertain Linear Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper considers the problem of designing a sliding mode controller via static output feedback for a class of uncertain systems with mismatched uncertainty in the state matrix. Firstly, we derive a new existence condition of linear sliding surface in terms of strict linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), and propose an adaptive reaching control law such that the motion of the closed-loop system satisfies the reaching condition. Secondly, we further consider the delay-type switching function, and a new robust stability condition is given in terms of LMIs for the reduced order sliding mode dynamics, and then, a synthesis procedure is established to design the sliding surface parameters. Finally, three examples, including an aircraft model, are utilized to illustrate the design procedures proposed in this paper. |
| 114 | T Chaudhuri, A Rufer, "Modelling and Control of the Cross-Connected Intermediate Level Voltage Source Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multilevel inverter applications have become more and more common. Multileveltopologies have now to serve new purposes and interest is rising in new application fields. Recent multilevel technologies have the potential to significantly reduce the size of passive filters, thus increasing efficiency and power density. With the more stringent regulations concerning harmonic emissions and reliability concerns, more levels are needed to allow filterless operation while keeping a moderate switching frequency and simple structure. In this context, the new topological family of high density advanced multilevel inverters, called cross-connected intermediate level (CCIL) voltage source inverter, is introduced in this paper. |
| 115 | K Lee, T Jahns, T Lipo, V Blasko, "New Observer-based Source Voltage Unbalance Control Methods in PWM Voltage-Source Converters for Adjustable Speed Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: New observer-based disturbance estimation and control algorithms are introduced in this paper that compensate source voltage unbalances. The algorithms are also designed to compensate the detrimental impact of delay effects caused by the digital signal processing. Consequently, these techniques are appropriate for higher-power systems with reduced PWM switching frequency and limited current controller bandwidth. Analytical, simulation, and experimental results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the new observer-based control techniques. |
| 116 | H Kim, J Kim, H Wang, I Lee, "The Design Method and Performance Analysis of RF Sub-sampling Frontend for SDR/CR Receivers," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: RF sub-sampling can be used by radio receivers to directly down-convertand digitize RF signals. A goal of SDR design is to place ADC as near the antenna as possible. Based on this, an RF sub-sampling frontend for SDR is designed and verified by a hardware platform. The effects of timing jitter, ADC resolution, and folding noise dominating SNR degradation sources in digital frontend were considered. We present an efficient method of SNR measurement and an analysis of its performance. The experimental results indicate that the three degradation sources are sufficient to estimate the performance of the RF sub-sampling frontend and this conclusion matches the theoretical analysis results. |
| 117 | H Chiu, Y Lo, H Lee, S Cheng, Y Yan, C Lin, T Wang, S Mou, "A Single-Stage Soft-Switching Flyback Converter for Power-Factor-Correction Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a single-stage soft-switching Flyback converter for power-factor-correction (PFC) applications. High power factor and high conversion efficiency can be achieved by a simple single-stage circuit with soft-switching features. The operation principles and design criteria for the studied PFC converter are analyzed and discussed. A laboratory prototype is also built and tested. Finally, the experimental waveforms for this prototype circuit are shown to verify the feasibility of the proposed scheme. |
| 118 | J Lee, T Kwon, J Song, "Group Connectivity Model for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: It is a recent trend to consider wireless sensor networks in the harshindustrial environments. With actual deployment of wireless sensor networks, it would be desirable to make a concrete deployment plan regarding connectivities and to place sensors by grouping them according to the planned deployment points, even more in case of targeting multiple objects to be sensed and monitored in the harsh environments. The connectedness of groups as well as individual sensors is important specifically for realtime data acquisitions, and even more if there are no external communication links among those groups. In this paper, we focus on the connectivity of sensor groups, rather than the individual sensors only, and propose a novel group connectivity model so as to analyze the group connectivity and to make a concrete deployment plan of sensor groups with regard to the internal distribution of sensors and group positions. We believe that the proposed model should be useful for planning the deployment of wireless sensor networks in the harsh industrial environments where running wires is less practical and also prohibitively expensive. |
| 119 | I Jedlicska, R Weiss, R Weigel, "Linearising the Output Characteristic of GMR Current Sensors Through Hysteresis Modeling," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a new method for increasing the measurement accuracy of GMR (Giant MagnetoResistive) sensors. The method used is to linearise the output characteristic by numerically eliminating the hysteresis the main error source. A simplified mathematical model of the hysteresis is derived from the T(x) model and tested in a software simulation environment by comparing the results with the real measurements. The model is then discretised and implemented on a fixed-point Digital Signal Processor (DSP). An algorithm based on the model is developed in order to eliminate error propagation during the measurements. The 75% improvement in accuracy and the linear output characteristic delivered by the DSP verifies the validity of the proposed method. The successful final results demonstrate that modelling hysteresis is a convenient and very effective way to increase the accuracy and the measurement range of GMRsensors in practical applications. |
| 120 | T. Li, Y. Yeh, J Wu, M Hsiao, C Chen, "Multi-Functional Intelligent Autonomous Parking Controllers for Car-Like Mobile Robots," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An increasing number of car-like mobile robot (CLMR) studies have addressed the issues of autonomous parking and obstacle avoidance. An autonomous parking controller can provide convenience to a novice driver. However, if the controller is not designed adequately, it may endanger the car and the driver. Therefore, this study presents a novel multi-functional intelligent autonomous parking controller capable of effectively parking the CLMR in an appropriate parking space, by integrating sensor data capable of obtaining the surrounding data of the robot. An ultrasonic sensors array system has been developed with group-sensor firing intervals. A binaural approach to the CLMR has been adopted for providing complete contact less sensory coverage of the entire workspace. The proposed heuristic controller can obtain the posture of a mobile robot in a parking space. In addition, the controller can ensure the ability of the CLMR to withstand collision to guarantee safe parking. Moreover, the CLMR can recognize the parking space and the obstacle position in dynamic environments. Therefore, the proposed controller installed in a car could ensure safe driving. Finally, practical experiments demonstrate that the proposed multi-functional intelligent autonomous parking controllers are feasible and effective. |
| 121 | L Gao, J Fletcher, "A Space Vector Switching Strategy for 3-level 5-phase Inverter Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel space vector modulation technique for a 3- level 5-phase inverter is described based on an Optimised Five Vectors (OFV) concept. The concept utilises a novel vector minimization technique that reduces the number of vectors in the d1-q1 vector space by identifying candidate vectors in each of the ten sectors that comprise the decagon vector space. The candidate vectors are selected based on the inequality relationship between the five phase voltages during each switching cycle. Using this technique the original 243 inverter states are reduced to 113 candidate vectors, and from the remaining states ten possible switching sequences in each sector are utilized to develop the desired voltage reference in the d1-q1 vector space while forcing a null vector in the d3-q3 vector space. A novel region determination technique is also introduced to identify the sub-region that the d1-q1 voltage vector occupies. This technique significantly reduces the computational overhead required when implementing space vector modulation techniques with multi-level and multi-phase inverters. The space-vector technique can utilise redundant vectors to assist in balancing sub-cycle variation of the dc-link capacitor voltage under unbalanced load conditions. Experiments validate simulation results where the low-order voltage harmonics show that the d3-q3 voltage vector is null. |
| 122 | A Dinu, M Cirstea, S Cirstea, "Direct Neural Networks Hardware Implementation Algorithm," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An algorithm for compact neural network hardware implementation is presented, which exploits special properties of the Boolean functions describing the operation of artificial neurones with step activation function. The algorithm contains three steps: ANN mathematical model digitisation, conversion of the digitised model into a logic gate structure, and hardware optimisation by elimination of redundant logic gates. A set of C++ programs automates algorithm implementation, generating optimised VHDL code. This strategy bridges the gap between ANN design software and hardware design packages (Xilinx). Although the method is directly applicable only to neurones with step activation functions, it can be extended to sigmoidal functions. |
| 123 | C Ortega, A Arias, C Caruana, J Balcells, G Asher, "Improved Waveform Quality in the Direct Torque Control of Matrix Converter-Fed PMSM Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Despite Matrix Converters (MC) ability to generate a higher number of voltage vectors compared to standard Voltage Source Inverters (VSI), most of the applications reported in the literature utilize only those having larger amplitudes. This paper investigates the use of MC input voltages with different amplitudes in order to reduce the inherent torque ripple that appears when Direct Torque Control (DTC) is used to drive AC machines, specially Permanent Magnets Synchronous Motors (PMSM) as its stator inductance is typically half of that of an Induction Machine (IM) of similar ratings. Utilizing a wider range of input voltage vectors for the MC, but not using the rotating vectors, a new look-up table that distinguishes between small and large torque errors is developed leading to an enhanced MC fed DTC. The enhancement enables a reduction in the electromagnetic torque ripple and output current Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Furthermore, the proposed control strategy improves the MC voltage transfer ratio up to 86:6% compared with 50% achieved by the conventional DTC using MCs at the expense, however, of slightly decreasing the input power factor control capability. The proposed enhanced MC DTC was tested experimentally and results comparing its performance with MC DTC using an adapted look-up table are shown. |
| 124 | T Chaudhuri, A Rufer, P Steimer, "The Common Cross Connected Stage for the 5L ANPC Medium Voltage Multilevel Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Rising interest in multilevel applications have triggered new researchactivities. This paper proposes a novel multilevel Power Electronics Building Block (PEBB) for the 5 level Active Neutral Point Clamped (ANPC) multilevel voltage source inverter. The PEBB is composed of 6 switches in a crossed configuration and one capacitor. It is common to the 3 phases of a 5 level ANPC topology, enabling a large number of levels to be generated. This PEBB is meant to be a reliable upgrade to the 5L topology, increasing output signal quality, and reducing the size of the output filter in medium voltage applications. The number of levels generated by the Common Cross Connected Stage (C3S) PEBB and the ANPC depend on the voltage ratios chosen between the phase capacitors of the ANPC and the PEBB capacitor(s). The trade off stands between ability to balance the capacitors, the rated blocking voltage of the devices and the number of levels produced. Under a given configuration, 9 levels can be produced with the possibility to balance the capacitors up to modulation indexes in the region of m=0.92. The analysis of the general topology, the description of the 9 level case, and simulation results are first presented. Prototyping results are then shown and validate the introduced concept and topology. |
| 125 | W Zhao, K Chau, M Cheng, J Ji, X Zhu, "Remedial Brushless AC Operation of Fault-Tolerant Doubly-Salient Permanent-Magnet Motor Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The doubly-salient permanent-magnet (DSPM) machine is a new class ofstator-PM brushless machines, which inherently offers the fault-tolerant feature. In this paper, a new operation strategy is proposed and implemented for fault-tolerant DSPM motor drives. The key is to operate the DSPM motor drive in a remedial brushless AC (BLAC) mode under the open-circuit fault condition, while operating in the conventional brushless DC (BLDC) mode under normal condition. Both co-simulation and experimental results confirm that the proposed remedial BLAC operation can maintain the average torque, reduce the torque ripple and retain the self-starting capability under the open-circuit fault. |
| 126 | F Luo, D Ma, "Design of Digital Tri-Mode Adaptive-Output Buck-Boost Power Converter for Power-Efficient Integrated Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An integrated buck-boost converter with a tri-mode digital control is presented. It employs adaptive step-up/down voltage conversion to enable a wide range of output voltage. This is beneficial to ever-increasing electronic systems that employ dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) techniques for power-efficient operations. Three control modes are employed in the converter to operate jointly and seamlessly for performance optimization during periods of start-up, steady state and dynamic voltage/load transient states. To avoid latch-up problem and minimize leakage current, an automatic substrate switching circuit (ASSC) is introduced. The design was fabricated in a 0.35-¿m digital CMOS N-well process, with a die area of 1.3 mm2. It precisely regulates an adaptively adjustable power output from 0.9 to 3.0 V. Maximum efficiency is 96.5 %, which is measured at 0.9-V output and 45-mW load power. The efficiency remains above 50% over the entire 800-mW power range. The converter responds to a 45-mA load step transient change within 600 ns. DVS tracking speed is 37 ¿s/V for 1-V step-down change and 150 ¿s/V for 1-V step-up change. With a line regulation of 20.4 mV/V, the converter functions robustly when the input power source frequently varies between 1.6 and 3.3 V. The ASSC consumes only 88-¿W power. |
| 127 | S Kuo, S Chen, C Lin, "Design and development of RFID label for steel coil," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Although RFID technology has had a remarkable impact on various industries in recent years, designing RFID tags for metallic objects with satisfactory performance is still a challenge. So far, only few success stories have been reported in the steel industry. This paper presents the design and development of RFID labels for steel coils. In order to achieve automatic inventory during the product delivery process, a novel antenna structure based on the principle of a monopole antenna has been designed and the performance has been verified through measurements. In order to minimize the implementation cost added to the product line, the RFID tag is embedded into a barcode label with special perforations. A site test demonstrates that the developed tag has excellent performance, enabling automatic inventory using fixed readers. |
| 128 | J Leon, O Lopez, L Franquelo, J Doval-Gandoy, S Vazquez, J Alvarez, F Freijedo, "Multilevel Multiphase Feed-forward Space Vector Modulation Technique," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multiphase converters are being applied to an increasing number of industrial applications in recent years. On the other hand, multilevel converters have become a mature technology mainly in medium and high power applications. One of the problems of multilevel converters is the dc voltage unbalance of the dc bus. Depending on the loading conditions and the number of levels of the converter, oscillations appear in the dc voltages of the DC-Link. This paper presents a feedforward modulation technique for multilevel multiphase converters that reduces the distortion under balanced or unbalanced dc conditions. The proposed modulation method can be applied to any multilevel converter topology with any number of levels and phases. Experimental results are shown in order to validate the proposed feed-forward modulation technique. |
| 129 | P Garcia, L Fernandez, C Garcia, F Jurado, "Energy Management System of Fuel Cell-Battery Hybrid Tramway," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes the configuration, modeling and control of a fuel cell (FC)-battery powered hybrid system for the Metro Centro tramway in Seville, Spain. The proposed hybrid system presents a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) FC as primary energy source and a Ni-MH battery as secondary energy source, which supplements the output of the FC during tramway acceleration or whenever else needed and cruise and for energy recovery during braking. The tramway presents a traction system which is composed of four traction induction motor drives. The hybrid system also supplies the power for the auxiliary services. The power conditioning system is composed of two converters: 1) a boost-type unidirectional dc/dc converter for the FC, and 2) a boost-type bidirectional dc/dc converter for the battery. The Energy Management System (EMS) of the hybrid tramway determines the reference signals for the electric motor drives, the FC and the power converters in order to regulate accurately the power from the two electrical sources. EMS also determines the reference signal for energy dissipation in braking chopper when required during regenerative braking. In this paper, the proposed hybrid system is evaluated for the real driving cycle of the tramway. The results demonstrate the hybrid system capability to meet appropriate driving cycle. |
| 130 | R Miceli, F Genduso, C Rando, G Ricco Galluzzo, "Back-EMF Sensorless Control Algorithm for High Dynamics Performances PMSM," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the paper a low time consuming and cost sensorless control algorithm for high dynamics performances Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSM) both surface or internal permanent magnet mounted for position and speed estimation is introduced discussed and experimentally validated. This control algorithm is based on the estimation of rotor speed and angular position starting from the back electromotive force space vector determination without voltage sensors by using the reference voltages given by the current controllers instead of the actual ones. This choice obviously introduces some errors that must be vanished by means of a compensating function. The novelties of the proposed estimation algorithm are the position estimation equation and the process of compensation of the inverter phase lag that also suggests the final mathematical form of the estimation. The mathematical structure of the estimation guarantees a high degree of robustness against parameters variation as shown by the sensitivity analysis reported in the paper. Experimental verifications of the proposed sensorless control system have been made with the aid of a flexible test bench for Brushless Motor Electrical Drives. The test results presented in the paper show the validity of the proposed low cost sensorless control algorithm and, above all, underline the high dynamic performances of the sensorless control system also with a reduced equipment. |
| 131 | S Lopez Arevalo, P Zanchetta, P Wheeler, A Trentin, "Control and Implementation of a Matrix Converter-based AC Ground Power Unit for Aircrafts Servicing," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with the design, control and implementation of a three-phase Ground Power supply Unit (GPU) for aircraft servicing. Instead of a classical back to back converter configuration, a 3-phase direct AC-AC (matrix) converter has been used as the power conditioning core of the power supply, working in conjunction with input and output LC filters. An optimized control system in the ABC frame employing a repetitive controller has been successfully implemented taking into account both the transient and steady state performance targets together with the system effectiveness under extreme unbalanced conditions. Extensive experimental tests on a 7.5kVA prototype prove the efficiency of the designed system in meeting the high demanding civil and military international standards requirements. |
| 132 | H Xu, H Kim, W Chung, "Experimental Identification Method for Small-Signal Analysis of Smart Power ICs," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Smart power integrated circuits (ICs), as the combination of control and power functions on a single chip, enable the production of more miniaturized systems. This paper presents an experimental method for the small-signal frequency response analysis of smart power ICs in switch-mode power supplies. In this method, the switching duty cycle output of a power IC is converted into a digital signal by using two high-speed counters during each switching period, and the power ICs control input signal is simultaneously converted into a digital signal by an analog-to-digital converter. After processing the data of the duty cycle output and the control input, not only the transient response but also the frequency response of the power IC can be obtained. Using least-square identification, the smart power ICs transfer function is finally synthesized from the measurement data. This analysis method, referred to as sampling the transient responses and frequency responses of power ICs, can efficiently provide reliable and accurate transfer functions whether the switching frequency of a power IC is jittered or frequency-modulated. The experiments using different power ICs were presented herein to validate the analysis method. The results were discussed, and the effectiveness and practicality of the method were verified. |
| 133 | K Basu, J Prasad, G Narayanan, H Krishnamurthy, R Ayyanar, "Reduction of Torque Ripple in Induction Motor Drives Using an Advanced Hybrid PWM Technique," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A voltage source inverter fed induction motor produces a pulsating torque due to application of nonsinusoidal voltages. The torque pulsation is strongly influenced by the pulse width modulation (PWM) method employed. Conventional space vector PWM (CSVPWM) is known to result in less torque ripple than sine-triangle PWM (SPWM). This work aims at further reduction in the pulsating torque by employing advanced bus-clamping switching sequences, which apply an active vector twice in a subcycle. This letter proposes a hybrid PWM technique which employs such advanced busclamping sequences in conjunction with conventional switching sequence. The proposed hybrid PWM technique is shown to reduce the torque ripple considerably over CSVPWM along with a marginal reduction in current ripple. |
| 134 | J Leon, S Vazquez, J Sanchez, R Portillo, L Franquelo, J Carrasco, E Dominguez, "Conventional Space-Vector Modulation Techniques versus the Single-Phase Modulator for Multilevel Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Space-vector modulation is a well-suited technique to be applied to multilevel converters and is an important research focus in the last 25 years. Recently, a single-phase multilevel modulator has been introduced showing its conceptual simplicity and its very low computational cost. In this paper, some of the most conventional multilevel space-vector modulation techniques have been chosen to compare their results with those obtained with single-phase multilevel modulators. The obtained results demonstrate that the single-phase multilevel modulators applied to each phase are equivalent with the chosen wellknown multilevel space-vector modulation techniques. In this way, single-phase multilevel modulators can be applied to a converter with any number of levels and phases avoiding the use of conceptually and mathematically complex space-vector modulation strategies. Analytical calculations and experimental results are shown validating the proposed concepts. |
| 135 | Y Ege, O Kalender, S Nazlibilek, "Electromagnetic Stirrer Operating in Double Axis," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this study, a new rotating magnetic stirrer system that is controlled by a programmable integrated circuit microcontroller (PIC) and can stir in double axis is developed. In contrast to making a stirring action only at one point as in the case of traditional electromagnetic stirrers, the system that is developed can rotate at two separate axes. One of the rotations is around the axis of the magnetic stir bar itself and the other is over a circle defined by a rotating magnetic field. That is, the stirrer makes two rotational motions. This is the main contribution of this work. The magnetic stirrer system is designed as a three-phase system and a sinusoidal ramp signal is applied to the phases as the supply voltage. During the design stage, the mathematical model of the system was obtained and the parameters affecting the design were determined. Based on these parameters, a parameter set was established. This parameter set can be used for subsequent design studies of the system. A PIC based control circuit is used to control the frequency of the supply voltage. The structure of the double rotating electromagnetic stirring system is explained. The physical conditions affecting the double-axis rotational motion of the magnetic stir bar are discussed in detail. It was observed that a more homogeneous stirring process could be achieved with this kind of double-axis rotation. |
| 136 | Y Kano, K Tonogi, N Matsui, "A Simple Non-Linear Magnetic Analysis for Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a simple nonlinear magnetic analysis for axial-flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines as an assistant design tool of three-dimensional finite element analysis (3D-FEA). The proposed analysis consists of the equivalent magnetic circuit and the analytical model of the air-gap permeances, including the saturable permeances in the core. The proposed analysis is capable of calculating the flux distribution and torque characteristics under heavy operating conditions. We verify the accuracy of the proposed analysis by comparing 3D-FEA for the various design free parameters. After verifying the accuracy of the analysis, we present our analysis-based optimum design, which realizes the maximum torque density while maintaining efficiency at the desired value. Compared to the traditional 3D-FEA, the design method proposed here has the same accuracy, while the computation time is as short as 1/21. |
| 137 | N Abd Rahim, J Selvaraj, "Multi-String Five-Level Inverter with Novel PWM Control Scheme for PV Application," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a single-phase multi-string five-level PV inverter topology for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) systems with a novel PWM control scheme. Three PV strings are cascaded together in parallel configuration and connected to a five-level inverter to produce output voltage in five levels: zero, +1/2Vdc, Vdc, -1/2Vdc and -Vdc. Two reference signals identical to each other with an offset equivalent to the amplitude of the triangular carrier signal were used to generate PWM signals for the switches. DSP TMS320F2812 is used to implement this PWM switching scheme together with a digital PI current control algorithm. The inverter offers much less THD and can operate at near unity power factor. The validity of the proposed inverter is verified through simulation and implemented in a prototype. The experimental results are compared with conventional single-phase multi-string three-level grid-connected PWM inverter. |
| 138 | A Giustiniani, G Petrone, G Spagnuolo, M Vitelli, "Low frequency current oscillations and maximum power point tracking in grid-connected fuel cell based system," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The study of a double stage single phase inverter for fuel cell based applications is proposed in this paper. A novel control strategy aimed at reducing the low frequency oscillations of the FC current in order to guarantee the fuel cell safety operating conditions is proposed. The reduction of such oscillations increases the fuel cell lifetime, avoids high mechanical stress of the membrane and unnecessary consumption of reactants. Furthermore, it allows to design a strategy for extracting the maximum power from the fuel cell stack with a total control of the concentration losses. Simulation and experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed approach. |
| 139 | A Varschavsky, J Dixon, M Rotella, L Moran, "Cascaded Nine-Level Inverter for Hybrid Series Active Power Filter, Using Industrial Controller," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An industrial controller, specifically designed for two and three-level converters, was adapted to work on an asymmetrical, nine-level Active Power Filter (APF). The controller is now able to make all required tasks for the correct operation of the APF, such as current harmonics elimination and removal of high frequency noise. The low switching frequency operation of the ninelevel converter was an important advantage in the application of the industrial controller. Besides, with the nine-level filter, switching losses were significantly reduced. The filter was designed to work as voltage source and operates as harmonic isolator, improving the filtering characteristics of the passive filter. The control strategy for detecting current harmonics is based on the p-q theory and the phase tracking system in a synchronous reference frame phase-locked loop. The dc link voltage control is analyzed together with the effect of controller gain and delay time in systems stability. Simulation for this application are displayed and experiments in a 1kVA prototype, using the above mentioned industrial controller were tested, validating the effectiveness of this new application. |
| 140 | P Kujan, M Hromcik, M Sebek, "Complete Fast Analytical Solution of the Optimal Odd Single-phase Multilevel Problem," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper we focus on computation of optimal switching angles for general multilevel odd symmetry waveforms. We show that this problem is similar to (but more general than) the optimal pulse width modulation (PWM) problem which is an established method of generating PWM waveforms with low base-band distortion. We introduce a new general modulation strategy for multilevel inverters which takes an analytic form and is very fast with the complexity of only O(n log2 n) arithmetic operations where n is the number of controlled harmonics. This algorithm is based on a transformation of appropriate trigonometric equations for each controlled harmonics to a polynomial system of equations that is further transformed to a special system of composite sum of powers. The solution of this system is carried out by a modification of the Newtons identity via PadÓe approximation, formal orthogonal polynomials theory, and properties of symmetric polynomials. Finally, the optimal switching sequence is obtained by computing zeros of two formal orthogonal polynomials in one variable or, alternatively, by a special recurrence formula and eigenvalues computation. |
| 141 | S Vazquez, J. Leon, J Carrasco, L Franquelo, E Galvan, M Reyes, J Sanchez, E Dominguez, "Analysis of the Power Balance In the Cells of a Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multilevel cascaded H-Bridge converters (CHB) have been presented as a good solution for high power applications. In this way, several control and modulation techniques have been proposed for this power converter topology. In this paper the steady state power balance in the cells of the single phase two cell CHB is studied. The capability to be supplied with active power from the grid or to deliver active power to the grid in each cell is analyzed according to the dc-link voltages and the desired ac output voltage value. Limits of the maximum and minimum input active power for stable operation of the CHB are addressed. Simulation results are shown to validate the presented analysis. |
| 142 | G Chang, C Chen, Y Teng, "Radial Basis Function-Based Neural Network for Harmonics Detection," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The widespread application of power electronic loads has led to increasing harmonic pollution in the supply system. In order to prevent harmonics from deteriorating the power quality, detecting harmonic components for harmonic mitigations becomes a critical issue. In this paper, an effective procedure based on the radial basis function neural network is proposed to detect harmonic amplitudes of the measured signal. By comparing with several commonly used methods, it is shown that the proposed solution procedure yields more accurate results and requires less sampled data for harmonics assessment. |
| 143 | J Barros, F Silva, "Multilevel Optimal Predictive Dynamic Voltage Restorer," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an optimal predictive controller for a multilevel converter based dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), able to improve the voltage quality of sensitive loads connected to the electrical power network. The optimal predictive controlled multilevel DVR can restore sags and short interruptions, while reducing the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the AC line voltages to values lower than 1%. The DVR is based on a three-phase neutral point clamped ('PC) converter to dynamically inject a compensation voltage vector in series with the line voltage, through series connected transformer secondary windings. To assure high quality voltages for sensitive loads, we devise optimal predictive control laws for the injected compensation AC voltages. A suitable quadratic weighed cost functional is used to choose the voltage vector minimizing both the AC voltage errors through current injection, and the DC side capacitor voltage unbalancing. The performance of the proposed predictive controller is compared to classical proportional integral (PI): synchronous frame and stationary frame (P+resonant) controllers; the line-side filter capacitor topology is compared to the regular converter-side filter capacitor. Obtained experimental results show that the AC voltages are almost sinusoidal in steady state operation, when facing balanced and unbalanced sags, and short interruptions with unbalanced loads. Voltage THD is reduced to values lower than 1%, the DVR behaving also as a series active power filter for the AC voltages. |
| 144 | Z Xiangjun, X Yao, W Yuanyuan, "Some Novel Techniques for Insulation Parameters Measurement and Petersen-coil Control in Distribution Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Traditional resonance grounding method is hard to completely satisfy the requirement of suppressing normal neutral-to-ground voltage and self-extinguishing grounding fault arcs in asymmetry distribution systems. For improvement, a new grounding method of a Petersen-coil in parallel with a reactor is developed, and some novel techniques for insulation parameters measurement and Petersen-coil control are proposed in the paper. An interpolation algorithm is presented to calculate the distribution systems resonance frequency. The insulation parameters (including capacitance to earth, leakage conductance, damping coefficient and dissipation factor) are measured by the injecting resonance signal. The measured insulation parameters are then applied in Petersen-coil tuning. The new grounding equipment and the device for insulation parameters measurement and Petersen-coil control are developed. The results of laboratory tests and distribution systems operation show that the novel Petersen-coil control techniques can satisfy the requirement of asymmetry distribution systems. The proposed measurement method of insulation parameters is simple, convenient, precise and tested in real time without power supply interrupting. |
| 145 | S Changchien, T Liang, J Chen, L Yang, "Novel High Step-up DC-DC Converter for Fuel Cell Energy Conversion System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel high step-up DC-DC converter for fuel cell energy conversion is presented in this paper. The proposed converter utilizes a multi-windings coupled inductor and a voltage doubler to achieve high step-up voltage gain. The voltage on the active switch is clamped and the energy stored in the leakage inductor is recycled. Therefore, the voltage stress on the active switch is reduced, and the conversion efficiency is improved. Finally, a 750-W laboratory prototype converter supplied by a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) power source and output voltage 400 V is implemented. The experimental results verify the performances, including high voltage gain, high conversion efficiency and the effective suppression of the voltage stress on power devices. The proposed high step-up converter can be feasibly used for low-input-voltage fuel cell power conversion applications. |
| 146 | T Ghennam, E Berkouk, B Francois, "A Novel Space Vector Current Control Based on Circular Hysteresis Areas of a Three-Phase Neutral-Point-Clamped Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel Space Vector Current Control (SVCC) strategy for three-phase Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) inverters. The main task of this control technique is to force the actual current vector to reach the reference current vector. This original strategy consists in defining three circular hysteresis bands around the error vector. Then, according to the location of this error vector, a selection process of the next applied vector is used to minimize the error vector. The Neutral Point (NP) voltage is balanced by using the redundant inverter switching states. Simple look-up tables are required for area and sector detection, as well as for vector selection. The performance of the proposed control technique is demonstrated through simulation and experimental investigations. |
| 147 | A Hamadi, S Rahmani, K Al-Haddad, "A Hybrid Passive Filter Configuration for VAR Control and Harmonic Compensation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel topology for three-phase Hybrid Passive Filter (HPF) to compensate for reactive power and harmonics. The HPF consists of a series passive filter and Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR) based variable impedance Shunt Passive Filter (SPF). A mutual inductance design concept is used to reduce the series passive filter inductance rating. The special features of the proposed HPF system are i) insensitive to source impedance variations, ii) no series or parallel resonance problems, iii) fast dynamic response and iv) significant size reduction in shunt passive filter capacitor. The performance of the proposed HPF system is validated by simulation as well as by experimentation under different load conditions. Experimental and simulation results show that the proposed system can effectively compensate all voltage and current harmonics and reactive power for large nonlinear load. |
| 148 | Y Chuang, "High Efficiency ZCS Buck Converter for Rechargeable Batteries," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: To obtain zero-current-switching (ZCS) operation, this work develops a novel soft-switching approach for rechargeable batteries. By inserting an auxiliary switch in series with the resonant capacitor, the proposed topology can obtain a novel ZCS buck dc-dc battery charger, and significantly decrease the switching losses in active power switches. The proposed ZCS dc-dc battery charger has a straightforward structure, low cost, easy control and high efficiency. The operating principles and design procedure of the proposed charger are thoroughly analyzed. The optimal values of the resonant components are computed by applying the characteristic curve and the electric functions derived from the circuit configuration. Finally, a prototype charger circuit designed for a 12V-48Ah lead-acid battery is constructed and tested to confirm the theoretical predictions. The maximum charging efficiency of the proposed topology during the overall charging period is 90.3%. Satisfactory performance is obtained from the experimental results. |
| 149 | G Zhang, J Chen, Z Li, "Identifier Based Adaptive Robust Control for Servo Mechanisms With Improved Transient Performance," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper focuses on the adaptive robust control (ARC) for servo mechanisms whose dynamic models are subject to unknown parameters, disturbance and parameter sudden changes. To improve the control performance of the traditional ARC, a novel identifier-based adaptive robust control (IFARC) scheme is proposed. In this scheme, an identifier is utilized to accelerate the parameter tuning process and to heighten the accuracy of parameter estimation. A switching logic component based on a given performance index is introduced to select the better parameter estimate vector from those provided by the identifier and the adaptation law. As a result, the transient performance can be improved according to the certainty equivalence principle. Additionally, exact reconstruction of the unknown parameters and exponential decay of the tracking error can be achieved under certain conditions. The stability and performance of IFARC are theoretically analyzed. Finally, simulation results show that the IFARC can achieve favorable tracking performance. |
| 150 | R Gupta, M Chow, "Networked Control System: Overview and Research Trends," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Networked Control System (NCS) has been one of the main research focuses in academia as well as in industry for many decades and has become a multidisciplinary area. With these growing research trends, it is important to consolidate the latest knowledge and information to keep up with the research needs. In this paper, the NCS and its different forms are introduced and discussed. The beginning of this paper discusses the history and evolution of NCS. The next part of this paper focuses on different fields and research arenas such as: networking technology, network delay, network resource allocation, scheduling, network security in real-time NCS, integration of components on network, fault tolerance, etc. A brief literature survey and possible future direction concerning each topic is included. |
| 151 | G Tina, M Rosa-Clot, P Scandura, R Lanzafame, S Nachtmann, S Taddei, P Rosa-Clot, "Field Experience With Performances Evaluation of a Single-Crystalline Photovoltaic Panel in an Underwater Environment," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this study the electrical and thermal performance of a single-crystalline submerged photovoltaic solar panel (SP2) is investigated. In particular, due to the presence of water, several phenomena occur such as the modification of solar radiation spectrum and the reduction of the module operating temperature. These phenomena have different impacts on the global energy performance of the PV module which depends on the environmental conditions, on the PV technology and on the water depth. Energy performances of an SP2 module are measured using two different experimental setups in different environmental conditions, with an increase in power ranging from 10 to 15%. |
| 152 | D Marcetic, E Adzic, "Improved Three-Phase Current Reconstruction for Induction Motor Drives With DC-Link Shunt," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 153 | A Waluyo, W Rahayu, D Taniar, B Srinivasan, "A Novel Structure and Access Mechanism for Mobile Broadcast Data in Digital Ecosystems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Digital eco-systems offer cost effective digital services that attract and benefit the species within them (i.e. human, organization and computers). As a cornerstone technology for digital information delivery, data broadcast provides a strong backbone for the digital eco-system infrastructure. Its scalability feature is highly significant for various digital eco-system applications including mobile broadcast services. This paper proposes a novel structure and access for mobile data broadcast. The proposed scheme addresses the trade-off between minimizing query access time and tuning time by specifying a new message structure. Correspondingly, a new access and processing mode for mobile clients is required. We study the effectiveness of the proposed approach in minimizing query access time while maintaining low tuning time. The results of our experiments are used to make comparisons with existing approaches. The results affirm the effectiveness of our proposed scheme. |
| 154 | K Saiki, A Hara, K Sakata, H Fujimoto, "A Study on High-Speed and High-Precision Tracking Control of Large-Scale Stage Using Perfect Tracking Control Method Based on Multirate Feedforward Control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In hard disk drive control, perfect tracking control (PTC) method has already obtained high performance. Therefore, the first author and his group study PTC scheme for improving performance of large-scale stages. This paper presents an application of PTC scheme to the tracking control of two different stages. The results from both simulations and experiments show that the PTC method outperforms the conventional rigid-body-mode based feedforward method. |
| 155 | J Gao, Y Hu, "Direct Self Control for BLDC Motor Drives Based on Three-Dimensional Coordinate System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the paper, a newly control algorithm for brushless dc (BLDC) motor drives is presented. The direct self control (DSC), which has been widely applied on induction motor drives in high power low frequency traction, is introduced to BLDC drives. The Cartesian coordinate system is selected with three coordinate axes X, Y and Z mutually at right angle to each other with three phase axes a, b, and c being moveable. The two-phase conduction scheme is selected with axis of the exciting phase locating in the XY plane, otherwise along the direction of axis Z during unexcited. i.e. the unexcited phase axis is always directed along the axis Z. The tracks of stator flux and voltage vectors are all three dimensional, as results of the variable voltage of unexcited phase and the commutation every 60 electrical degrees. But projections on the XY plane of these three dimensional track are concise. The projection of flux vector is a hexagonal path, whereas the voltage vectors projections are six active vectors. The projection of stator flux is controlled by the projections of voltage vectors. The newly proposed algorithm can be implemented with relatively low cost hardware and concise software, presenting fast torque transient response in 0.1ms. The sensorless control is also implemented by flux estimation once in one sector. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed scheme are verified with simulated and experimental results. |
| 156 | I Husain, S Underwood, "On-line Parameter Estimation and Adaptive Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper focuses on the benefits of adaptive control for permanent magnet synchronous machines; a novel method of on-line parameter estimation for such machines has been developed. Two Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm segments, a fast and a slow one, are uniquely combined in realtime with rich enough data from the machine to estimate all four machine parameters instead of a subset of these. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
| 157 | K Kim, K Rew, "A Closed-Form Solution to Asymmetric Motion Profile Allowing Acceleration Manipulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In the paper, we newly propose the complete closedform formula for asymmetric motion profiles of long, medium and short distances, which enables easy manipulation of jerks in arrival time for effectively reducing the acceleration and so thus the overshoot. The design parameter named jerk ratio is newly introduced to scale down the jerks during the deceleration period so that the velocity profile is in an asymmetric S-curve. Thanks to the jerk ratio, the motion formulas are remarkably simplified in analytic forms for short, medium and long distances. The effectiveness of the proposed approach will be illustrated with the sledge movement control in an optical data storage system by experiments. |
| 158 | C Xia, C Guo, T Shi, "A Neural Network Identifier and Fuzzy Controller Based Algorithm for Dynamic Decoupling Control of Permanent Magnet Spherical Motor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes the dynamic model of permanent magnet spherical motor (PMSM) and puts forward a dynamic decoupling control algorithm of the motor, using fuzzy controllers and a neural network identifier (NNI). PMSM is a multivariable, nonlinear system with strong inter-axis couplings. Computed torque method (CTM) structure is applied to PMSM. There are such uncertainties as estimated errors of the model and external perturbations, which may influence the precision of the control system. The Back Propagation (BP) algorithm with additional momentum term and self-adaptive learning rate applied to Feed Forward Neural Network (FFNN) can approach nonlinear functions with learning rate adjusted online, which helps to improve training speed. An NNI is applied to identify the uncertainties online in this paper. ANFIS based fuzzy controller is applied, which has self-adaptive ability and strong robustness. Simulation results preliminarily validate that the algorithm proposed in this paper can eliminate the influences of inter-axis nonlinear couplings effectively to actualize dynamic decoupling control. Furthermore, static and dynamic performances of the control system have been improved greatly with strong robustness to uncertainties. Hypothetical microprocessor system is proposed and simple experiments of spinning operation are carried out as a foundation for further study. |
| 159 | W Granzer, F Praus, W Kastner, "Security in Building Automation Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Building automation systems are traditionally concerned with the control of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, as well as lighting and shading systems. They have their origin in a time where security has been considered as a side-issue at best. Nowadays, with the rising desire to integrate security-critical services that were formerly provided by isolated subsystems, security must no longer be neglected. Thus, the development of a comprehensive security concept is of utmost importance. This paper starts with a security threat analysis and identifies the challenges of providing security in the building automation domain. Afterwards, the security mechanisms of available standards are thoroughly analyzed. Finally, two approaches that provide both secure communication and secure execution of possibly untrusted control applications are presented. |
| 160 | L Yu, T Chang, "Zero Vibration On-Off Position Control of Dual Solenoid Actuator," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Solenoids are low cost, high speed, nonlinear actuators commonly used in switching mode. This paper presents a dual solenoid actuator system for high speed positioning applications. A novel control method that combines on-off control and input shaping is used to obtain low vibration, smooth transients when compared with traditional proportional and integral control and on-off control. Simulation results and experimental data confirm that this dual solenoid position actuator with novel control method is effective and practical. |
| 161 | M Nemec, K Drobnic, D Nedeljkovic, R Fiser, V Ambrozic, "Detection of Broken Bars in Induction Motor Through the Analysis of Supply Voltage Modulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an application of a novel method for diagnostics of electric and magnetic asymmetry of rotor cage in induction motor due to broken rotor bars. Increasing anomaly in magnetic field distribution results in a degradation of steady-state and dynamic performance of an induction motor. This degradation can be determined through the analysis of the average duty cycle of the modulated supply voltage. Broken rotor bars would cause torque and speed ripple which is mitigated by efficient speed control algorithm. Consequently, specific oscillation in duty cycle of the modulated stator voltage appears. This effect can be simply detected without additional hardware and therefore provides correct evaluation of faulty motor performance, which is a very significant part of condition monitoring and diagnostics procedure in modern supervision systems for electrical drives. |
| 162 | L Bate, C Cook, Z Li, "Reducing Wave Based Teleoperator Reflections for Unknown Environments," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Wave variables guarantee stability for delayed teleoperation. They also introduce reflections which can prove very disorientating for an operator. This paper presents a new method for reducing the wave reflections when operating in unknown environments. The new method does not only guarantee stability but laboratory experiments show it also reduces wave reflections allowing for improved velocity tracking and force feedback in complex and unknown operating environments. |
| 163 | P Lau, K Yung, E Yung, "A Low Cost Printed CP Patch Antenna for RFID Smart Bookshelf in Library," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a small wide band circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna printed on the low cost FR-4 material for radio frequency identification (RFID) smart bookshelf in library. The antenna is composed of four top-loaded patches sequentially rotated with the phase difference of 90Ø and double shorted to the ground. It operates at the centre frequency of 0.915GHz. The impedance bandwidth (SW |
| 164 | A Percy, I Spark, Y Ibrahim, "New Algorithms for Navigating a Gantry Tractor Comprising a "Chorus Line'' of Synchronized Modules," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents two new algorithms for realtime calculation of the wheel angles and speeds of gantry tractor modules. In transport mode, the gantry tractor is in a sense a snake-like robot with passive joints and active wheels, each module having autonomous 4 wheel drive and 4 wheel steering. The algorithms determine the wheel angles and speeds of each module with the prescription that the four wheels will have the same centre of curvature, wheel speeds provide cooperative redundancy and all hitching points follow the same path, thereby eliminating scuffing and minimizing off tracking. Details of the analytical algorithm for a predetermined path were presented at the IEEE-ICIT09 conference together with a simulation for a single module. In this paper we also present the results of a newly developed numerical algorithm which enables the gantry tractor to be steered on-line, by an operator. We also show, by simulation, that this new numerical algorithm gives a good approximation to analytical solutions. The numerical algorithm is then used to calculate wheel angles and speeds for a three-module tractor with the results depicted graphically as functions of time. |
| 165 | Y Kim, Y Choi, M Seo, S Yoo, H Yoo, "A CMOS Transceiver for Multi-Standard 13.56 MHz RFID Reader SoC," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A CMOS transceiver for multistandard 13.56 MHz radio frequency identification (RFID) reader system-on-a-chip (SoC) is designed and fabricated. The SoC consists of an RF/analog part for modulation/demodulation and digital part for controlling the transceiver functionality. Prior to design the integrated circuit, pre-experiments using discrete components and commercial tags are performed. With the results, overall functions and specifications are determined. For supporting multi-standard, several blocks are designed with digital controls according to the standards. In the transmitter, digitally controlled amplitude modulator for various modulation indexes and power control circuit are adopted. In the receiver, variable gain amplifier and level-controllable comparator, which are also controlled digitally according to the standard, are introduced. The full transceiver SoC is implemented in Chartered 0.18 ¿m CMOS technology. The measurement results of the implemented chip indicate that the designed transceiver operates in multi-standard mode. |
| 166 | G Zhou, J Xu, Y Jin, "Elimination of Subharmonic Oscillation of Digital Average Current Controlled Switching DC-DC Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Subharmonic oscillations exist in digital average current controlled switching dc-dc converters with trailing-edge modulation and leading-edge modulation. To eliminate these subharmonic oscillations, digital triangle compensation (DTC) method is proposed in this letter. DTC method can be easily implemented in digital way without extra compensation circuit. Experimental results are given to verify the analysis results. |
| 167 | J Alegre, B Calvo, S Celma, "A High Performance CMOS Feedforward AGC Circuit for a WLAN Receiver," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a fast settling compact feedforward automatic gain control (AGC) circuit suitable for use in wireless local-area network receivers with orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). The use of these signals introduces stringent settling time constraints which limit the use of traditional closed loop feedback amplifiers. Furthermore, the amplitude detection of OFDM signals can not be performed by a typical peak detector due to their high peakto- average power ratio; as a consequence, a novel fast-settling peak detector is employed to solve this task. The AGC has been implemented in a low-cost 0.35 ¿m CMOS technology. Supplied at 1.8 V, it operates with a power consumption of 2.4 mW at frequencies as high as 100 MHz, while its gain ranges from 0 to 22 dB in 2 dB steps through a 5-bit word. The settling time of the circuit is below 2.4 ¿s (3 symbols). |
| 168 | W Song, A Huang, "Fault Tolerant Design and Control Strategy for Cascaded H-Bridge Multilevel Converter Based STATCOM," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Cascaded H-bridge multilevel converter (CHMC) is a promising topology for Flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS) such as static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) applications. Attention was drawn to the issue of converter reliability due to the large number of power devices used in CHMC applications. This paper proposed an effective fault tolerant strategy by using H-bridge building block (HBBB) redundancy in CHMC-based STATCOM. The operating principle and control strategy of the fault tolerance are proposed and discussed. The controller design consideration for the fault tolerant STATCOM is presented. The proposed fault tolerant control strategy is implemented on a 7-level CHMC-based STATCOM simulation platform and a 5-level CHMC-based STATCOM hardware prototype. Simulation results and experimental results are illustrated to verify the feasibility of the proposed fault tolerant design with the HBBB redundancy. |
| 169 | Y Liu, Y Luo, "Search for an Optimal Rapid Charging Pattern for Li-Ion Batteries Using the Taguchi Approach," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Lithiumion batteries are playing important roles as energy storage solutions for portable devices, automotive electronics and renewable energy systems. In order to maximize the performance of lithiumion batteries, an advanced rapid charging pattern is required. In this paper, a Taguchi-based algorithm is presented. Orthogonal arrays are implemented to determine the optimal rapid charging pattern for multistage constant current charging method. Experimental results show that the obtained rapid charging pattern is capable of charging the lithiumion batteries to 75 % capacity in 40 minutes. The obtained pattern also provides 60 % more cycle life than the conventional constant currentconstant voltage method. |
| 170 | M Barranco, J Proenza, L Almeida, "Quantitative comparison of the error-containment capabilities of a bus and a star topology in CAN networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: There has been an increasing interest in using star topologies in eld bus communications, e.g. in TTP/C, FlexRay or CAN, due to increased fault resilience and potential errorcontainment advantages. In this context, an innovative CANcompliant star topology has been developed, CANcentrate, whose hub includes enhanced fault-treatment mechanisms. However, despite this interest towards stars, it is still necessary to quantify their real dependability benets. For this purpose and for the particular case of CAN, this paper presents models for the dependability features of CAN and CANcentrate using Stochastic Activity Networks (SANs). It quantitatively compares their reliability and error-containment capabilities under permanent hardware faults. Models rely on assumptions that ensure that results are not biased toward CANcentrate, which in some cases is too detrimental for it. Thus, despite not reecting the full CANcentrate potential, results quantitatively conrm the improvement of error-containment it achieves over CAN. Additionally, the way in which the nodes' ability to contain their own errors affects the relevance of using a star topology has been quantied. Although this paper refers to the case of CAN, conclusions regarding the justication of using a star depending on this ability can be extrapolated to other eld-bus technologies. |
| 171 | L. Gauchia, J. Sanz, "A Per-unit Hardware-in-the-loop simulation of a fuel cell/battery hybrid energy system," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available |
| 172 | T Choi, J Lee, "Control of Manipulator Using Pneumatic Muscles for Enhanced Safety," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The safety of humans who work with robots is an important issue. Many studies have addressed related methods, but fundamental limits to meet safety requirements have been encountered owing to the absence of compliance in robot actuators. Pneumatic muscle is considered to be a basic actuator and offers the advantage of intrinsic elasticity to achieve joint compliance. In this study, joint compliance actuated by pneumatic muscle is actively utilized to enhance human safety during collisions. To this end, the authors present a novel approach to control compliance and associated positions independently with no crossperformance effects using pneumatic muscles. The proposed method is verified by experiments using a physical robot. In addition, methods to decrease damage from collisions between robots and humans due to operational faults are evaluated through experiments. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by measuring the impact impulse in collisions. |
| 173 | D Caballero, R Astudillo, S Mussa, M Heldwein, "Symmetrical Hybrid Multilevel Dc-Ac Converters with Reduced Number of Insulated Dc Supplies," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Novel symmetric hybrid multilevel topologies are introduced for, both, single- and three-phase medium voltage high power systems. The topology conception is presented in detail, where a three-level switching cell with low components count and its modulation pattern give the origin to the proposed converters. Voltage sharing and low output voltage distortion are achieved. The theoretical frequency spectra are derived. Switching devices are separated into high frequency and low frequency devices, generating hybrid converters. Five-level three-phase topologies are generated from only three insulated dc sources, while the number of semiconductors is the same as for the cascaded Hbridge. Both, simulation and experimental results are provided showing the validity of the analysis. |
| 174 | H Cho, S Kim, "Mobile Robot Localization Using Biased Chirp Spread Spectrum Ranging," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we propose a method of mobile robot localization based on chirp spread spectrum (CSS) ranging. By using the CSS system, the distances between a mobile robot and CSS nodes fixed at known coordinates can be measured according to the time-of-flight of radio frequency signals. Based on the measured distances, the coordinates of a mobile robot can be calculated by the method of trilateration. To deal with measurement noise, an extended Kalman filter (EKF) can be applied to estimate the coordinate of the mobile robot. These measured distances, however, are not only noisy but also biased. Therefore, the estimated coordinates of the mobile robot represent inconsistent values. To solve the problem of bias, we define the scaling factor, which corresponds to the change of the magnitude of a measured distance vector that is due to biases. Based on the scaling factor, we develop a new biased measurements model and apply the EFK to our model for estimating the coordinates of a mobile robot. Through localization experiments, we evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. |
| 175 | S Karimi, P Poure, S Saadate, "A HIL-based reconfigurable platform for design, implementation and verification of electrical systems digital controllers," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a Top-Down design flow for design, implementation and verification of digital controllers associated with electrical systems. In the proposed design flow, the functional description of the studied system and the detailed electronic hardware design and validation of the digital controller are performed using a HIL-based reconfigurable platform in a unique design environment. The way of using this design flow and the reconfigurable HIL platform is analyzed through a fault tolerant shunt active power filter application. The experimental results obtained with a laboratory prototype fault tolerant active filter demonstrate the performances and the efficiency of the proposed design flow and HIL-based reconfigurable platform. |
| 176 | B Jeftenic, M Bebic, "Realization of Rewinder with a Reduced Number of Sensors," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: When adequately maintained the mechanical system of the rewinder and similar machines in paper industry may have a significantly longer service life than its electrical and control systems. Over the lifetime of the facility, a rewinder may experience several major maintenance cycles, and these generally include significant upgrades to the electrical drive and control system. These upgrades present an opportunity to modify the design of the control system to eliminate some of the sensors, or to provide signal redundancy by using state estimation. During such major reconstruction of a paper-board rewinder, it was noticed that the shipping-roll radius and the web tension force can be accurately estimated from the measurements available within the drives control system. This paper presents the implementation of the two estimators on a commercial, production rewinder. Test results from the equipment in service show that the measured signals can be supplemented with the estimated ones to provide the alternative in the event of sensor malfunction, or to enable trending of accuracy of calibration. Both applications have an entitlement to reduce the downtime of the rewinder, as the replacement of the faulted sensor can be scheduled for the next planed idle period of the machine. |
| 177 | F Gonzalez-Espin, E Figueres, G Garcera, R Gonzalez-Medina, M Pascual, "Measurement of the Loop Gain Frequency Response of Digitally Controlled Power Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The study of the loop gains frequency response in a power converter is a powerful tool commonly used for the design of the controllers used in the control stage. As the control of medium and high power electronic converters is usually performed digitally, it is useful to find a method to measure the digital loop gains. The purpose of this paper is to present a method for properly measuring the loop gain frequency response of digitally controlled power converters by means of an analog Frequency Response Analyzer (FRA). An analog sinusoidal reference signal generated by the FRA is injected through an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) into the digital controller, and added to the discrete feedback signal. To obtain the frequency response of the open loop gain, both feedback and disturbed feedback signals are sent back to the FRA by using the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) peripherals of the controller. |
| 178 | M Faruque, V Dinavahi, "Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation of Power Electronic Systems Using Adaptive Discretization," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the HIL simulation of power electronic systems using an unique adaptive discretization technique based on the input of the system, where the coefficient matrices and system equations are changed while the simulation is running. The voltage source converter (VSC) based HVDC system is used as a case study. Two Z-transform based discretization techniques known as the Step-Invariant Transformation (SIT) and the Ramp-Invariant Transformation (RIT), and one of their derivative Time-Shifted Step-Invariant Transformation (TSSIT) are applied for simulating the VSC-HVDC system. Discrete switching synchronization algorithms are used to accommodate the asynchronous events that take place in between two discrete simulation points. The HIL simulation is implemented using an off-the-shelf PC-Cluster interfaced with a digital controller. The simulator and the controller are connected through I/O ports which facilitate the exchange of analog and digital signals. A 4kW VSC-HVDC experimental setup is used to validate the simulation results, using the same digital controller as in the HIL simulation to supply the necessary gate pulses for the experimental VSCs. A comparative study of the results obtained through off-line, HIL simulation and the experiment is presented. |
| 179 | M Steurer, C Edrington, M Sloderbeck, W Ren, J Langston, "A Megawatt-Scale Power Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation Setup for Motor Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We report on the application of a 5 MW variable voltage source (VVS) amplifier converter for utilization in power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) experiments with megawatt-scale motor drives. In particular, a commercial 2.5 MW variable speed motor drive (VSD) with active front-end was connected to a virtual power system using the VVS for integrating the drive with a simulated power system. An illustrative example is given whereby a 4 MW gas turbine generator system including various loads is simulated and interfaced with the VSD hardware in the lab through the VVS using current feedback to the simulation. Mechanical loading is applied to the motor via an identical 2.5 MW dynamometer connected to the same shaft. The paper first describes the PHIL facility, illustrates the challenges of powering a motor drive from a controlled voltage source converter at the multi megawatt scale, and provides experimental results from dynamic simulations. While certain challenges remain with the accuracy of the interface it is concluded that PHIL simulations at the megawatt power level are possible and may prove useful for validating models of drive systems in the future. |
| 180 | J Maestro, P Reviriego, "Energy Efficiency in Industrial Ethernet: the Case of Powerlink," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Industrial Ethernet technology enables real time reliable communications for industrial environments. One of its key features is the use of Ethernet for the communication infrastructure. This provides a very cost effective solution as no communication infrastructure has to be designed ad-hoc. In the last years, the efficient use of energy in communications has become an area of growing interest. This has triggered efforts that are now underway to develop new standards, like Energy Efficient Ethernet, with the aim of reducing the energy consumption. The proposed changes to existing Ethernet standards allow setting the links in low power modes when there is little traffic. These changes introduced by Energy Efficient Ethernet will have wide implications for industrial Ethernet. For example, the time needed to enter or exit the low power modes may be excessive for some industrial applications. The use of low power modes will make hubs less energy efficient than switches and may cause manufacturers to abandon the production of these devices. In this paper, the implications of Energy Efficient Ethernet on industrial environments are analyzed and different alternatives are proposed. |
| 181 | F Neves, H Souza, F Bradaschia, M Cavalcanti, M Rizo, F Rodriguez, "A Space-Vector Discrete Fourier Transform for Unbalanced and Distorted Three-Phase Signals," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a space-vector discrete-time Fourier transform is proposed for fast and precise detection of the fundamental- frequency and harmonic positive- and negativesequence vector components of three-phase input signals. The discrete Fourier transform is applied to the three-phase signals represented by the Clarkes .... vector. It is shown that the complex numbers output from the Fourier transform are the instantaneous values of the positive- and negative-sequence harmonic component vectors of the input three-phase signals. The method allows computing any desired positive- or negative-sequence fundamental-frequency or harmonic vector component of the input signal. A recursive algorithm for low-effort online implementation is also presented. The detection performance for variable frequency and inter-harmonic input signals is discussed. The proposed and other usual method performances are compared through simulations and experiments. |
| 182 | C Baier, J Espinoza, L Moran, J Munoz, P Melin, "A High Performance Multi-Cell Topology based on Single-Phase Power Cells for Three-Phase Systems operating under Unbalanced AC Mains and Asymmetrical Loads," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a multi-cell converter topology composed of N single-phase power cells per phase and a multipulse power transformer. The topology achieves high power quality waveforms in three-phase applications under the presence of severe unbalanced AC mains. Moreover, the power cells are properly arranged in order to achieve high performance AC supply current waveforms under asymmetrical loads. The configuration is based on single-phase power cells that feature a PWM rectifier in order to achieve an overall unitary displacement power factor and a controlled DC link voltage at the power cell level. The configuration is implemented and different experimental tests are performed where unbalance and distortion indexes are computed. Index Terms-- Multi-cell single-phase topology, AC-AC power conversion, multi-level system, power electronics, variable-speed drives, insulated gate bipolar transistor. |
| 183 | V Jalili-Marandi, L Pak, V Dinavahi, "Real-Time Simulation of Grid-Connected Wind Farms Using Physical Aggregation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation of a power system interconnected with wind farms involves such intensive computations that fully digital real-time simulators are among effective tools for performing such simulations. To practically exploit real-time simulators for the simulation of wind farms with numerous wind turbines, application of aggregation techniques is inevitable. In this paper a detailed EMT model of a grid-connected wind farm with 10 doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) based GE 1:5MW wind turbines has been implemented on an advanced PC-Cluster based real-time simulator. Three levels of physical aggregation methods are presented to reduce the computational efforts of the real-time simulation while maintaining adequate accuracy. A combination of these aggregation methods with parallel processing allowed the real-time simulation to be carried out with a fixed time-step of 50Â’s and high accuracy. Various fault transient results are provided for all the aggregation levels and compared against results from the detailed wind farm model. The validity of the proposed methods and realtime simulation results has also been confirmed by comparing with off-line simulation results in MATLAB/SIMULINK. |
| 184 | G Chang, Y Liu, V Dinavahi, "On Real-Time Simulation for Harmonic and Flicker Assessment of an Industrial System with Bulk Nonlinear Loads," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents application experiences of real-time simulation techniques for harmonic and flicker studies of an industrial power system, where the system and nonlinear loads are properly modeled. A PC cluster-based real-time parallel simulator is implemented under MATLAB/SIMULINK, where the studied system consists of an AC electric arc furnace, DC and AC motor drive loads, and the static VAR compensator. Guidelines for model partition of the studied system and the solver settings under the real-time simulation environment are reported. In addition, the most commonly used off-line simulation with variable-step solver and the actual field measurements are included for comparison. Results indicate that the real-time simulation achieves satisfactory solution accuracy within much less execution time and can be applied for more complicated studies such as installing new nonlinear loads with different levels of model complexities or designing/tuning mitigation devices of power quality disturbances, where the repeated time-consuming analysis is required. |
| 185 | S Wang, Y Maillet, F Wang, R Lai, F Luo, D Borojevic, "Parasitic Effects of Grounding Paths on Common Mode EMI Filter's Performance in Power Electronics Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: High-frequency common mode EMI noise is difficult to suppress in electronics systems. EMI filters are used to suppress common mode noise, but their performance is greatly affected by the parasitic effects of the grounding paths. In this paper, the parasitic effects of the grounding paths on EMI filters performance are investigated in a motor drive system. The effects of the mutual inductance between two grounding paths are explored. Guidelines for the grounding of common mode EMI filters are derived. Simulations and experiments are finally carried out to verify the theoretical analysis. |
| 186 | P Goel, B Singh, S Murthy, N Kishore, "Isolated Wind-Hydro Hybrid System Using Cage Generators and Battery Storage," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper deals with a new isolated wind-hydro hybrid generation system employing one Squirrel Cage Induction Generator (SCIG) driven by variable speed wind turbine and another SCIG driven by a constant power hydro turbine feeding three-phase four-wire local loads. The proposed system utilizes two back to back connected Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) based voltage source converters (VSCs) with a battery energy storage system (BESS) at their dc link. The main objectives of the control algorithm for VSCs are to achieve maximum power tracking (MPT) through rotor speed control of a wind turbine driven SCIG under varying wind speeds, and control of the magnitude and the frequency of the load voltage. The proposed wind-hydro hybrid system is having capability of bidirectional active and reactive powers flow, by which it controls the magnitude and the frequency of the load voltage. The proposed electro-mechanical system using SCIGs, a MPT controller and a voltage and frequency controller (VFC) are modeled and simulated in MATLAB using Simulink and Sim Power System set toolboxes and different aspects of the proposed system are studied for various types of linear, nonlinear and dynamic loads, and under varying wind speed conditions. The performance of the proposed system is presented to demonstrate its capability of MPT, VFC, harmonic elimination and load balancing. |
| 187 | W Fei, X Du, B Wu, "A Generalized Half-wave Symmetry SHE-PWM Formulation for Multilevel Voltage Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Half-cycle symmetry SHE-PWM problems may have a large number of valid solutions, which are beneficial to the optimization design. This paper proposes a novel generalized formulation of half-cycle symmetry SHE-PWM problems for multilevel inverters. The advantages of the proposed formulation include simplicity in format, flexibility in PWM waveforms and a broad solution space. A method to obtain initial values for the SHE-PWM equations according to the reference modulation index M and the initial phase angle of output fundamental is proposed and investigated thoroughly. Take a five-level inverter with M=0.75 as an example, six sets of solutions for two typical initial phase angles of 0 and 90 degrees are presented. Simulations and experiments are carried out. It is demonstrated that the experimental results agree well with simulated ones, which proves the validity and practicability of the new method proposed. |
| 188 | O Linda, M Manic, "Self-Organizing Fuzzy Haptic Teleoperation of Mobile Robot Using Sparse Sonar Data," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Mobile robot teleoperation has been used in many areas of industrial automation, such as explosives disposal, nuclear waste manipulation, freight handling or transportation. Here, the commonly provided audio-visual feedback often resulted in an inadequate perception of the remote environment. Haptic augmentation was shown to improve and positively enhance the control of the mobile robot. This paper presents a novel Self-Organizing Fuzzy Adaptive Mapping algorithm (SOFAMap) for a haptic teleoperation of mobile robots. The SOFAMap algorithm was specifically developed for a mobile robot with a rotational sonar sensory system, constituting an alternative to a traditionally used multi-sonar array. The main contributions of this work are: 1) development of a specific self-organizing environment mapping structure inspired by the Growing Neural Gas algorithm; 2) incorporating a fuzzy controller into the algorithm to adapt to robots motion; 3) resolving typical issues such as sensor noise, communication time delay and low sampling rate. The experimental testing was performed in both virtual environment and on a real robotic platform, consisting of a Lego NXT mobile robot and a Novint Falcon 3-DOF haptic interface. The results showed that a high-fidelity haptic feedback can be successfully generated using a simpler and more affordable rotational sonar sensory system, as opposed to the typical multi-sonar array. Further, it was demonstrated that the SOFAMap algorithm improves the operators awareness of unstructured environments, making it applicable to wide range of mobile robot teleoperation systems. |
| 189 | Q Le, J Jeon, "Neural Network-Based Low Speed Damping Controller for Stepper Motor with an FPGA," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: We present a low speed damping controller for a stepper motor using artificial neural networks (ANNs). This controller is designed to remove nonlinear disturbance at low speeds. The proposed controller improves stepper motor performance at less than the resonance speed of the stepper motor system. Due to its ability to learn, the proposed controller can adapt to different resonant speed ranges without any identification process for system parameters. Conversely, we also introduce the implementation of ANN-based controller, online back-propagation learning and a micro-step driver on a single field-programmable gate array (FPGA). An implementation and experimental results are conducted to verify the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed controller |
| 190 | O Lopez-Lapeña, M Penella, M Gasulla, "A New Maximum Power Point Tracking Method for Low-Power Solar Energy Harvesting," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a new MPPT method focused on low-power |
| 191 | J Campo, J Vaquero-Lopez, C Cagigal-Olay, S Monteso-Fernandez, R Vela Garcia, S Martinez-Garcia, "Dual-tap Chopping Stabilizer with Sub-cyclic AC Soft-Switching," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: AC voltage and phase regulators based on tap changers implemented with silicon-controlled rectifiers and triacs are widely used due to the robustness. The tap changing is achieved under natural commutation of the semiconductors during zerocrossing of current, so that the response time exceeds the half-cycle of the mains. High-power transistors and gate turn-off thyristor switches make new and faster tap commutation techniques possible to achieve several tap changes in one half cycle. This paper analyses and synthesizes a dual-tap chopping stabilizer with compensating transformer, with PWM frequency of about 5 kHz and a new soft switching technique achieved by two auxiliary small-power branches. Unlikely other super-cyclic AC softswitching solutions the new commutating method allows zero current turn-off, several times in a half cycle, for any sign combination of voltage and current, thus reducing the electrical stress in the switches and the electromagnetic emission. Zerocrossing current detection is not needed. A technical study, and an evaluation of the power of the required components, is done on the commutation techniques that extend the application field of tap changers to the reduction of fast perturbations of the mains as flicker, voltage harmonics, voltage oscillations, etc. Experimental results with IGBT switches are obtained in a 1 kVA prototype. |
| 192 | S Araujo, P Zacharias, R Mallwitz, "Highly Efficient Single-Phase Transformerless Inverters for Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Driven by the worldwide demand for renewable sources, the photovoltaic market saw in the last years a considerable amount of innovations regarding the construction and operation of inverters connected to the grid. One significant advance, among some that will be here discussed, is for example the abolition of the galvanic isolation in inverters installed in Germany. There, transformerless topologies like the H5 and Heric can reach very high levels of efficiency and allow the best cost-benefit ratio for low-power grid-tied systems. This paper will follow this direction and propose a single-phase transformerless inverter circuit being comprised of the association of two step-down converters. Each one modulates a half-wave of the output current as the correct polarity of the connection to the grid is provided by low frequency switches. Due to its straightforward design, reduced amount of semiconductors and simple operation, it is possible to achieve a high level of efficiency and reliability. These and some other characteristics will be benchmarked against other existing circuits, being followed by a theoretical analysis on the properties of the proposed solution. The project of a laboratory prototype will be presented, along with a discussion about the obtained experimental results. |
| 193 | S Grubic, B Amlang, W Schumacher, A Wenzel, "A High Performance Electronic Hardware-in-the-Loop Drive-Load-Simulation using a Linear Inverter (LINVERTER)," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In modern drive systems inverters are a fundamental component. To improve the performance of this component, ensure their operability, and check their reliability motor-loadtestbeds are used during the process of development. Unfortunately, there are several drawbacks and disadvantages inherent to conventional motor-load-testbeds. In order to avoid these problems a new concept for a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) based electronic testbed has been developed. A well-defined second inverter in combination with a mathematical model of the machine-load combination is used to replace the conventional test setup. Different machine-load combinations can be easily simulated with one system by simply changing the mathematical models. This paper shows the system topology, analyses the components of the testbed and presents experimental results that verify the feasibility and capability of the method proposed. |
| 194 | S Yerramreddy, M Chandorkar, "Real-Time Electrical Load Emulator using Optimal Feedback Control Technique," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents a method of emulating electrical loads using power electronic converters. The loads include machines such as induction motors and their associated mechanical load and also more complex machine systems such as winddriven generators. The load emulator is effectively a dynamically controllable source or sink which is capable of bidirectional power exchange with either a grid or another power electronic converter system. Using load emulation, the feasibility of connecting a particular machine to a grid under various load conditions can be examined without the need for any electromechanical machinery. The paper considers the case of a power electronic Voltage Source Inverter (VSI) emulating a three phase induction motor connected to a three phase ac grid. The VSI is operated in a mode where the current drawn from the ac grid is controlled by closed loop control. The consistency of the experimental results with the simulation results proves the ability of emulator and the proposed testing approach. |
| 195 | W Chen, P Rong, Z Lu, "Snubberless Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with New CLLC Resonant Tank Featuring in Minimized Switching Loss," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A bidirectional dc-dc converter with a new CLLC type resonant tank, which features in ZVS for the input inverting choppers and ZCS for the output rectifier switches, regardless of the direction of the power flow, is proposed in this paper. Possessing the very optimal ZVS+ZCS soft-switching feature, this proposed converter will have a minimized switching loss if all of the main switches are implemented with MOSFET and thereby the proposed converter is fully soft-switched and totally snubberless. The detail operation principles, as well as the design considerations, are presented. The methodologies to develop a uni-directional ZVS+ZCS dc-dc converter for the corresponding PWM and FM converters are proposed, respectively. The approach for how to construct a fully soft-switched bidirectional dc-dc converter has also been proposed and analyzed. Finally, the topology extension is made and another fully soft-switched bidirectional dc-dc converter is derived. A prototype, which interfaces the 400V-48V DC buses for the UPS system with a power rating of 500VA, was developed to verify the validity and applicability of this proposed converter. The highest applicable conversion efficiencies for the bidirectional operational modes are both exceeding 96%. |
| 196 | J Dudrik, D Trip, "Soft-Switching PS-PWM DC-DC Converter for Full-Load Range Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An improved soft switching full-bridge phaseshifted PWM converter using IGBTs with special auxiliary transformer is presented in this paper. Zero-voltage switching (ZVS) for leading leg and zero-current switching (ZCS) for lagging leg switches in the converter are achieved for full load range from no-load to short circuit by adding active energy recovery clamp and auxiliary circuits. The new significant feature of the converter consists in suppression of circulating current also in short circuit conditions. The proposed converter is very attractive for applications where short circuit and no-load are normal states of the converter operation e.g. arc welding. The principle of operation is explained and analysed and experimental results are presented on a 3kW, 50 kHz laboratory converter model. |
| 197 | Y Huang, C Yuan, M Chen, W Lin, H Teng, "Hardware Implementation of RFID Mutual Authentication Protocol," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) is a wireless technology that utilizes radio communication to identify objects with a unique electrical identity. The widespread deployment of RFID technologies may generate new threats to security and user privacy. One of the main drawbacks of RFID technology is the weak authentication systems between a reader and a tag. In general, weak authentication systems that either leak the password directly over the network or leak sufficient information while performing authentication allow intruders to deduce or guess the password. In this paper, we study the RFID tag-reader mutual authentication scheme. A hardware implementation of the mutual authentication protocol for the RFID system is proposed. The proposed system was simulated using Modelsim XE II and synthesized using Xilinx synthesis technology (XST). The system has been successfully implemented in hardware using an Altera DE2 board that included an Altera Cyclone II Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Finally, the output waveforms from the FPGA were displayed on the 16702A Logic Analysis System for real-time verification. |
| 198 | F Palomo-Pinto, A Vega-Leal, "A Test of HIL COTS Technology for Fuel Cell Systems Emulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The objective of this paper is twofold: a simple formal test to verify that an emulator HIL technology is well suited for specific purposes (the HIL test) and the implementation of a HIL system using very common COTS technology (PXI Modular Instrumentation, LabVIEW Real Time and Simulink Software Platforms). The HIL approach is used to develop electronic controllers for Fuel Cell Systems by emulation of the Fuel Cell System. As a conclusion, the HIL test in that specific application is assessed. |
| 199 | L Du, C Wang, X Li, L Yang, Y Mi, C Sun, "A Novel Power Supply of On-line Monitoring Systems for Power Transmission Lines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel power supply of on-line condition monitoring systems for power transmission lines. The proposed power supply obtains energy from the magnetic field induced by transmission line currents using a specially designed Rogowski coil. The design details of the power supply circuit including the unit for overvoltage and impulse line current protection are given in the paper. The impact to the power supplys reliability caused by abnormal high transmission line currents is also addressed. Experimental tests including the short circuit and impulse current tests have been conducted on the power supply to verify its performance under different operating conditions. The test results show that the power supply is capable of providing stable outputs with no saturation and low heat generation for the entire range of line conducting currents and can sustain severe conditions such as abnormal impulse currents. |
| 200 | W Li, G Joos, J Belanger, "Real-time Simulation of a Wind Turbine Generator Coupled with a Battery Supercapacitor Energy Storage System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Wind power generation studies of slow phenomena using a detailed model can be difficult to perform with a conventional offline simulation program. Due to the computational power and high-speed input and output, a realtime simulator is capable of conducting repetitive simulations of wind profiles in a short time with detailed models of critical components, and allows testing of prototype controllers through hardware in the loop (HIL). This paper discusses methods to overcome the challenges of real-time simulation of wind systems, characterised by their complexity and high frequency switching. A hybrid flow-battery supercapacitor energy storage system (ESS), coupled in a wind turbine generator (WTG) to smooth wind power, is studied by real-time HIL simulation. The prototype controller is embedded in one real-time simulator, while the rest of the system is implemented in another independent simulator. The simulation results of the detailed wind system model show that the hybrid ESS has a lower battery cost, higher battery longevity, and improved overall efficiency over its reference ESS. |
| 201 | Y Pannatier, B Kawkabani, C Nicolet, J Simond, A Schwery, P Allenbach, "Investigation of Control Strategies for Variable Speed Pump-Turbine Units by using a Simplified Model of the Converters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents the modeling, simulation and analysis of the dynamic behavior of a fictitious 2x320 MW variable speed pump-turbine power plant including hydraulic system, electrical equipments, rotating inertias and control systems. The modeling of the hydraulic and electrical components of the power plant is presented. The dynamic performances of a control strategy in generating mode and one in pumping mode are investigated by the simulation of the complete models in the case of change of active power set points. Then a pseudo continuous model of the converters feeding the rotor circuits is described. Thanks to this simplification, simulation time can be reduced drastically (~ factor 60 ). A first validation of the simplified model of the converters is obtained by comparison of the simulated results coming from the simplified and complete models for different modes of operation of the power plant. Experimental results performed on a 2.2 kW low power test bench are also compared with simulated results coming from both complete and simplified models related to this case and confirm the validity of the proposed simplified approach for the converters. |
| 202 | L Zhou, K Smedley, "Post Fault Control Strategy for the Hexagram Inverter Motor Drive," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper discusses the fault tolerance ability of the hexagram inverter motor drive. Due to its unique interconnecting nature, the hexagram inverter can tolerate one leg failure without modifying the power circuit topology. In the event of one leg failure, the control circuit can reconfigure the trigger signals to maintain smooth torque operation at a reduced power level. When a leg fails within the inner interconnecting loop, no special post fault strategy is needed; the hexagram inverter can still work properly. When a leg fails outside of the interconnecting loop, a new post fault control strategy is initiated that controls the two remaining phase currents to maintain operation with smooth torque. The simulation and experimental results have shown that the hexagram inverter can maintain its operation with smooth torque after a fault. |
| 203 | A. I. Ribic, Z. V. Despotovic, "High Performance Feedback Control of Electromagnetic Vibratory Feeder," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a high performance feedback controller for electromagnetic vibratory feeder is proposed. Electromagnetic actuator is driven by the switching circuit with pulse width as control variable. The controller structure consists of a PI controller combined with the state observer. The controlled variable is the resonant frequency vibration amplitude obtained in real time from the state observer. Use of the state observer allows fast disturbance rejection and reference tracking in both directions (amplitude increase and decrease). Simulations and experimental results from the real device are presented. |
| 204 | J. I. Rodriguez, S. B. Leeb, "Non-Resonant and Resonant Frequency Selectable Induction HeatingTargets," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper examines a scheme for developing frequency selectable induction heating targets for stimulating temperature sensitive polymer gels. The phrase "Frequency selectable" implies that each target has a frequency at which it heats preferentially in the presence of other targets. Targets using both non-resonant and resonant designs are discussed. In the case of non-resonant targets, single-turn conductors whose critical dimensions are small compared to their associated skin depth (over the frequency range of interest) are examined. One way to achieve frequency selectivity with these non-resonant targets is by designing each to have the same self-inductance, while forcing the resistance of each target to differ from the previous one by a specified factor, $alpha$. In this way, a target driven at its R/L breakpoint frequency will heat by at least a factor of ($alpha$$x^{2}$ + 1)/(2$alpha$) more than the remaining targets. In the resonant target case, RLC circuits that are inductively coupled to a primary induction coil are examined. Frequency selectivity in resonant targets is achieved by designing each target to have a different resonant frequency. When such a target is driven at its resonant frequency, it will heat preferentially compared to the remaining targets. |
| 205 | P Grbovic, P Delarue, P Le Moigne, P Bartholomeus, "A Bi-Directional Three-Level DC-DC Converter for the Ultra-Capacitor Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Electrochemical double layer capacitors, well known as the ultra-capacitors have been used intensively in power conversion applications such as controlled electric drives, active filters, power conditioners and uninterruptible power supplies. The ultra-capacitor is employed as the energy storage device that can be fully charged/discharge within few seconds. To achieve better flexibility and efficiency, the ultra-capacitor is connected to the power conversion system via an interfacing dc-dc power converter. Various topologies are used as the dc-dc power converter; non-isolated two-level single-phase or multiphase interleaved converters and many varieties of isolated soft switched dc-dc converters. A three-level non-isolated dc-dc converter as a candidate for the ultra-capacitor applications is proposed and analysed in this paper. The topology is theoretically analysed and design guide lines are given. Modelling and control aspects are discussed. A 5.5kW prototype was designed and the proposed topology experimentally verified on a general purpose controlled electric drive. Experimental results are presented and discussed. |
| 206 | J Wang, Y Hsu, J Liu, "An Inertial-Measurement-Unit-Based Pen with a Trajectory Reconstruction Algorithm and Its Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an inertial measurement unit based pen (IMUPEN) and its associated trajectory reconstruction algorithm for motion trajectory reconstruction and handwritten digit recognition applications. The IMUPEN is composed of a triaxial accelerometer, two gyroscopes, a microcontroller, and an RF wireless transmission module. Users can hold the IMUPEN to write numerals or draw simple symbols at normal speed. During writing or drawing movements, the inertial signals generated for the movements are transmitted to a computer via the wireless module. A trajectory reconstruction algorithm composed of the procedures of data collection, signal preprocessing, and trajectory reconstruction has been developed for reconstructing the trajectories of movements. In order to minimize the cumulative errors caused by the intrinsic noise/drift of sensors, we have developed an orientation error compensation method and a multi-axis dynamic (MAD) switch. The advantages of the IMUPEN include: 1) it is portable and can be used anywhere without any external reference device or writing ambit limitations; and 2) its trajectory reconstruction algorithm can reduce orientation and integral errors effectively and thus can reconstruct the trajectories of movements accurately. Our experimental results on motion trajectory reconstruction and handwritten digit recognition have successfully validated the effectiveness of the IMUPEN and its trajectory reconstruction algorithm. |
| 207 | B Yalcin, K Ohnishi, "Stable and Transparent Time Delayed Teleoperation by Direct Acceleration Waves," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: For time delayed bilateral teleoperation systems, this paper presents a novel structure to considerably improve performance in terms of transparency and perception bandwidth, which are extremely low for passive systems, as well as force position and velocity tracking on which delay control systems suffer both necessity for provision of identical initial conditions and drift problem. Performance improvement is carried out in three steps. The first step is the utilization of four channel wave transmission structure that provides direct force and velocity feedbacks to each robot by asymmetric damping. Since common dimension of wave variables is acceleration, the second step is the conversion of wave data into acceleration terms and employment of acceleration control. The third step is the scaling of both of the force and position based acceleration dimensions. Neither in wave space nor in control space, perception bandwidth limiting filters are not used. We showed the validity by experiments and superiority to previous systems by various comparative analysis. |
| 208 | S Wang, F Lee, "Analysis and Applications of Parasitic Capacitance Cancellation Techniques for EMI Suppression," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper reviews and analyzes five parasitic capacitance cancellation methods. Critical parameters and constraints determining the cancellation frequency ranges are identified, and the effective frequency range for each cancellation method is derived based on these constraints. Due to these constraints, each method has specific advantages for certain applications. The cancellation techniques, which all make use of either mutual capacitance or mutual inductance, are applied to different applications based on their advantages, and the experiments are carried out to verify the analysis. |
| 209 | K Sun, Q Wei, L Huang, K Matsuse, "An Over-modulation Method for PWM Inverter Fed IPMSM Drive with Single Current Sensor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In order to lower the cost and expand the working range of pulse width modulation (PWM) inverter fed interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives, the control methods under over-modulation mode with only a DC link current sensor are investigated. The space vector modulation of PWM inverter is analyzed in detail and an adjustment scheme for the reference voltage vectors is developed to fulfill the requirements by phase current reconstruction under over-modulation. Furthermore, in order to simplify the control process and reduce the control errors, a specified overmodulation method based on the superposition principle is proposed for PWM inverter with phase current reconstruction, which overcomes the shortcoming of the PWM adjustment scheme. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed control method, which realizes the single current sensor over-modulation control with maximum voltage transfer ratio. |
| 210 | J Gazeau, A Eon, S Zeghloul, M Arsicault, "New printing robot for high resolution pictures on 3D wide surfaces," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel 5-axis robot for industrial large printing applications is presented in this paper. The robot was developed at the LMS1 from Poitiers University and an international patent [1] was deposited for this invention in 2007. It concerns large format three-dimensional printing on a fixed surface, like trailer tarpaulin for example. The robot is composed by an inkjet printing block and a device to dry the ink sprayed onto the surface [2]. Kinematics of the mechanical device with 5 degrees of freedom was studied to position and orientate the printheads onto the surface to be printed. The structure of the robot is simple with high speed capability and printing resolution. The working principle and mechanical structure are described and the geometrical model and surface following control of the robot are also discussed. Finally printing results in a practical situation illustrate the efficiency of the proposed 3D printing robot; and an analysis of how the task is carried out is provided. |
| 211 | T Shi, Y Guo, P Song, C Xia, "A New Approach of Minimizing Commutation Torque Ripple for Brushless DC Motor Based on DC-DC Converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Brushless DC motor (BLDCM) still suffers from commutation torque ripple which mainly depends on speed and transient line current in commutation interval. This paper presents a novel circuit topology and a DC link voltage control strategy to keep incoming phase and outgoing phase currents changing at the same rate during commutation. A DC-DC SEPIC converter and a switch selection circuit are employed in front of the inverter. The desired commutation voltage is accomplished by the SEPIC converter; The DC link voltage control strategy is carried out by the switch selection circuit to separate two procedures, adjusting the SEPIC converter and regulating speed. The cause of commutation ripple is analyzed and the way to obtain the desired DC link voltage is introduced in detail. Finally, the simulation and experimental results show that, compared with the DC-DC converter, the proposed method can obtain the desired voltage much faster and minimize commutation torque ripple more efficiently at both high and low speed |
| 212 | F El-Sousy, "Hybrid H¿¿Based Wavelet¿Neural¿Network Tracking Control for Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Servo Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a hybrid H¥-based waveletneural- network (WNN) position tracking controller as a new robust motion control system for permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) servo drives. The combinations of both WNN and H¥ controllers would insure the robustness and overcome the uncertainties of the servo drive. The new controller combines the merits of the H¥ control with robust performance and the WNN control (WNNC) which combines the capability of neural networks for on-line learning ability and the capability of wavelet decomposition for identification ability. The on-line trained WNNC is utilized to predict the uncertain system dynamics to relax the requirement of uncertainty bound in the design of the H¥ controller. The WNNC generates an adaptive control signal to attain robust performance regardless of parameter uncertainties and load disturbances. Systematic methodology for both controllers design is provided. A computer simulation is developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed WNN-based H¥ controller. An experimental system is established to validate the effectiveness of the drive system. All control algorithms are implemented in a TMS320C31 DSP-based control computer. The simulated and experimental results confirm that the new motion controller grants robust performance and precise dynamic response regardless of load disturbances and PMSM parameter uncertainties. |
| 213 | G Wang, Y Li, "Parabolic PWM for Current Control of Voltage Source Converters (VSCs)," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A novel parabolic carrier pulse-width modulation (PWM) method is proposed in this paper for direct current control in a voltage source converter (VSC). This method employs a pair of parabolic PWM carriers (a positive one and a negative one) to determine the switching states of the two switches in a converter phase leg while limiting the current tracking error within a nonlinear hysteresis band. Similar to the hysteresis PWM method, the proposed parabolic PWM can regulate both dc current and ac current with excellent and accurate dynamic response. Furthermore, as a carrier based PWM method, the proposed parabolic PWM can maintain a constant switching frequency by the automatic peak current error adjustment through the PWM process. In this paper, the basic operation principle of the proposed PWM method is discussed and its implementation scheme is presented. Simulation and experimental results based on a single-phase VSC with bipolar PWM implementation are provided. |
| 214 | T Ma, "Quantitative Design of Active Anti-Islanding Controllers for Power Converter Based Distributed Generators," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel voltage shift acceleration control scheme for anti-islanding of power converter based distributed generators. The proposed control objective is achieved by a voltage positive feedback loop properly designed in the synchronous d-q frame. In this paper, the overall power flow control scheme of the studied distributed generator is firstly described. Then, a quantitative design methodology of an adaptive voltage shift acceleration gain based on small-signal stability and step input response is developed. The proposed control approach is intended to achieve a reliable detection with quasi zero non-detection zone, non-compromised power quality, and easy implementation without additional sensing devices or equipments. Performances on constant power and constant current control modes are investigated. Both simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed anti-islanding scheme and the gain design approach. |
| 215 | I Morgan, H Liu, B Tormos, A Sala, "Detection and Diagnosis of Incipient Faults in Heavy Duty Diesel Engines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new methodology for detecting and diagnosing faults found in heavy duty diesel engines based upon spectrometric analysis of lubrication samples, and is compared against a conventional method, redline limits, which is utilised in a number of major laboratories in the UK and across Europe. The proposed method applies computational power to a well known maintenance technique, and consists of an improved method of preprocessing to form a derivative tuple, which extracts further information from the measured elemental concentrations. To identify incipient faults, the distance in vector space is calculated using a Gaussian contour, generated from prior data, as the zero crossing, which enables novel samples to be classified as normal or abnormal. This information is utilised as the input to a probabilistic directed acyclic graph in the form of a belief network. This network provides a prognosis for the mechanism as well as suggesting possible actions that could be taken to rectify the diagnosed problem, supported with confidence probabilities. The proposed method is evaluated for both accuracy in detecting a fault, as well as the duration of time that is provided before the event occurs, with significant improvements in both metrics demonstrated over the conventional method. |
| 216 | R Wang, G Liu, W Wang, D Rees, Y Zhao, "H_infinity Control for Networked Predictive Control Systems Based on Switched Lyapunov Function Method," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper investigates the problem of H1 control for a class of networked control systems (NCSs) with timevarying delay in both the forward and backward channels. Combined with the switched Lyapunov function technique, an improved predictive controller design strategy is proposed to compensate for the delay and data dropout to achieve the desired control performance. Based on these methods, the controllers can be designed to guarantee the closed-loop system asymptotically stable with an H1-norm bound in terms of nonlinear matrix inequalities. An iterative algorithm is presented to solve these nonlinear matrix inequalities to obtain a suboptimal minimum disturbance attenuation level. Numerical simulations and a practical experiment are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
| 217 | C Rizet, J Ferrieux, P Le Moigne, P Delarue, A Lacarnoy, "A simplified resonant pole for three-level soft-switching PFC rectifier used in UPS," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Efficiency of high power Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) is a fundamental criterion regarding the permanent use of such a device. A state of the art on softswitching over constraint of UPS application has been made. The principle of Auxiliary Resonant Commutated Pole (ARCP) using autotransformer has been identified as the most interesting way to increase efficiency or switching frequency. Its application for multi-level converters has been studied. A simplified resonant pole has been proposed for a three-level rectifier used as Power Factor Corrector (PFC). The design criteria have been discussed. A single phase of a 200 kVA three-level rectifier has been realized and qualified in switching mode. To assess the gain of this principle, the switching losses have been measured on the prototype in both hard and soft switching. The switching losses have been divided by two. |
| 218 | F Meng, Y Yang, W Yang, "Optimum design of interphase reactor with double-tap-changer applied to multipulse diode reactifier," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, optimum turn ratio of inter-phase reactor (IPR) with double-tap-changer is presented with mathematical analysis. A relation between total harmonic distortion (THD) of input current and turn ratio is introduced, and based on the relation, the optimum turn ratio when the THD is minimal is obtained. Via another relation between the ripple coefficients of output voltage and turn ratio, the optimum turn ratio is derived when the ripple coefficient is minimal. Meanwhile, use the optimum turn ratio, a new formula to calculate the critical value of IPR is written. Some computer simulation results and experiments are included to support the theoretical analysis of the optimum design. |
| 219 | T Celik, H Kusetogullari, "Solar-Powered Automated Road Surveillance System for Speed Violation Detection," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, a real-time solar-powered road surveillance system is proposed to detect and report the moving vehicles which violate the speed limit. The system is designed to operate as a stand-alone with no connection to the main power line and wired communication networks. It is powered by a battery-array which is charged through solar-panels. The data communication with the authorized remote station is achieved via wireless communication technology. A dedicated digital signal processing (DSP) chip is used to exploit computationally inexpensive image processing techniques over the video sequence captured from the fixed position video camera for estimating the speed of the moving vehicles. The moving vehicles are detected by analysing the binary image sequences which are constructed from the captured frames by employing the interframe difference or background subtraction techniques. A novel adaptive thresholding method is proposed to binarize the outputs from the interframe difference and background subtraction techniques. The detected moving vehicles are tracked in order to estimate their speeds. The images of the speeding vehicles are further analyzed to detect license plate image regions according to the predefined color information of the license plates in Northern Cyprus. The detected license plate image regions are reported to the authorized remote station. |
| 220 | J Bang, H Shim, S Park, J Seo, "Robust Tracking and Vibration Suppression for a Two-Inertia System by Combining Backstepping Approach with Disturbance Observer," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we consider the problem of designing a robust controller for a two-inertia system which contains arbitrarily large (but bounded) model uncertainties and disturbances. The research is motivated by the fact that a two-inertia system represents most of an industrial robot arm system that has a flexible joint, for which vibration suppression and robust control against model uncertainties and external disturbances are very important. The proposed controller consists of two parts; the outer-loop controller designed by the backstepping approach and the inner-loop controller by the new partial disturbance observer. The disturbance observer is responsible for compensating the input-matched uncertainties and disturbances, while the backstepping controller is designed for dealing with the rest. The proposed controller makes tracking error and vibration of the system suppressed within an arbitrarily small bound during operation time when full states are measured. The results are verified by simulations and experiments with a Luenberger observer. |
| 221 | Y Yang, S Lu, "A Single-VCO Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer for Digital TV Tuners," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A single-VCO fractional-N frequency synthesizer is designed for ATSC, DVB-T and ISDB-T Digital TV tuners. This frequency synthesizer can cover all the frequency bands for all three standards with only one VCO and thus the chip area as well as the power consumption can be greatly reduced. Different channel spacing requirements can be fulfilled by fractional synthesis. A dynamic frequency calibration loop is also used to automatically choose the coarse setting of the VCO. The synthesizer was fabricated in a standard 0.13-um CMOS process and draws 14 mA from a 1.2-V supply. The measured phase noise is lower than -80 dBc/Hz from 1 kHz to 100 kHz offset and -100 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The active area of the frequency synthesizer is smaller than 0.54 mm2. |
| 222 | K Geldhof, A Van den Bossche, J Melkebeek, "Rotor Position Estimation of Switched Reluctance Motors Based on Damped Voltage Resonance," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a method to obtain the rotor position of switched reluctance motors by means of voltage measurements. It is shown that the combination of motor and power-electronic converter defines a resonant circuit, comprised by the motor phase inductances and the parasitic capacitance of converter switches, power cables and motor phase windings. For salient machines in general, the associated resonance frequency of the circuit depends on the rotor position. In the position estimation method, an initial voltage distribution is imposed over the impedances of the resonance circuit, after which the circuit is let to oscillate freely. During this phase of free oscillation, the induced voltage over a phase winding exhibits a damped oscillatory behaviour, from which position information can be retrieved. An overview is given of different possibilities to trigger the voltage resonance. It is shown that the proposed position estimation method has favourable characteristics such as measurement of large-amplitude voltages, robustness against temperature deviations of motor and power semiconductors, very high update rates for the estimated position and absence of sound and disturbance torque. Experimental results are given for a sensorless commutation scheme of a switched reluctance motor under small load. |
| 223 | C Mademlis, L Kioskeridis, "Gain Scheduling Regulator for High Performance Position Control of Switched Reluctance Motor Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The problem of the high precision position control in switched reluctance motor drives is investigated in this paper. Advanced proportional-integral and proportionaldifferential controllers for the speed and position control, respectively, are adopted. The gain scheduling technique is adopted in speed controller design for providing high dynamic performance and precise position control. In order to improve the set-point tracking, a low-pass filter is included in the position controller. The proposed four-quadrant control scheme is based on the average torque control method. The turn-on and turn-off angles are on-line determined through simple formulas so as to reduce the torque ripple at an acceptable level over a wide speed range. This is important since the position precision is highly influenced from the motor torque ripple. Experimental results of the switched reluctance motor dynamic response are presented to verify the theoretical considerations and to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. |
| 224 | M Defoort, T Murakami, "Correction to ¿Sliding-mode control scheme for an intelligent bicycle¿," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available |
| 225 | M Qin, J Xu, "Multi Duty Ratio Modulation Technique for Switching DC-DC Converters Operating in Discontinuous Conduction Mode," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multi duty ratio (MDR) modulation, a novel modulation technique for switching dc-dc converters, is proposed and studied in this paper. MDR modulation technique achieves output voltage regulation by generating control pulse train made up of control pulses with different duty ratios. MDR control needs only comparators, triggers and some simple logic devices, without error amplifier and its corresponding compensation circuit, thus MDR modulation scheme is easy to realize, benefits with great robust and offers great transient performance. The principle and operation of MDR modulation scheme are introduced, simulation and experimental results are presented to show that MDR controlled converter has much better transient performance than traditional PWM converter, and much lower output voltage ripple than pulse regulation (PR) converter. |
| 226 | D Liu, M Lee, D Wu, "A Node-to-Node Location Verification Method," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we study the problem of location claim verification of a mobile node in a wireless network. Existing verification methods rely primarily on cooperative approaches, which require the cooperation of several detecting nodes for the verification of a location claim from a target node. These methods all suffer from one or both of the drawbacks: (i) not able to cope with a sparse network situation, and (ii) the design being based on a particular measurement technique. To remedy the drawbacks, we propose a general location verification scheme. It employs a node-to-node approach for location verification, and could use different measurement techniques; moreover, it supports location verification in sparse networks. The proposed verification scheme has been shown able to achieve satisfactory performance via extensive real world GPS-based wireless sensor network experiments. |
| 227 | S Huang, K Tan, "Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation for the Development of an Experimental Linear drive," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: S. Huang is with the Dept.of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.(email:elehsn@nus.edu.sg) |
| 228 | Z An, H Zhu, X Li, C Xu, Y Xu, "Non-identical Linear Pulse-Coupled Oscillators Model with Application to Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Similar to other cyber infrastructure systems, as wireless sensor networks become larger and more complex, many classic algorithms may no longer work efficiently. This paper presents a wireless sensor network time synchronization model that was initially inspired by synchronous flashing of fireflies. Synchronous flashing of fireflies is an interesting phenomenon that has been studied for decades. A variety of models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, among which is the pulse-coupled oscillators model that models fireflies as oscillators. The oscillators in such a model interact only through discrete pulses, similar to the flashing of fireflies. In this paper, we propose a new non-identical linear pulse-coupled oscillators model and use the model to analyze synchronization of pulse-coupled oscillators with different frequencies. The conditions to achieve and maintain synchronization are derived and then the results are used to prove that the oscillators in the model can achieve synchronization eventually, except for a set of frequencies with zero Lebesgue measure. Furthermore, through simulations and implementation on a wireless sensor network testbed, we demonstrate that the proposed non-identical linear pulse-coupled oscillators model can be used in designing lightweight, scalable time synchronization protocols for distributed systems. |
| 229 | K Shyu, J Lin, V Pham, T Wang, M Yang, "Global Minimum Torque Ripple Design for Direct Torque Control of Induction Motor Drives," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This study proposes a simple but effective method to reduce the torque ripple for direct torque control (DTC) of induction motor drives. The proposed DTC provides a global minimum torque ripple, which satisfies the root-mean-square (RMS) criteria of torque ripple. Such a global minimum torque ripple DTC has not been derived before. The proposed global minimum torque ripple DTC is a two-step design. The first step drives the torque error to zero at the end of the control period. Then the second step reduces the torque bias and RMS ripple by modifying the asymmetry switching patterns of the applied voltage vectors of the first step into symmetry ones. Theoretical analysis is provided to show that the torque ripple of the proposed DTC is global minimum RMS ripple. Furthermore, to verify the effectiveness of this study, a DSP-based experimental induction motor DTC drive system is built. Simulation and experimental results verify the torque ripple performance has been improved. |
| 230 | M Kratz, D Westermann, "A Real time development platform for next generation of power systems control functions," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A real time development platform for simulation studies of control and operation of next generation of power systems control functions is introduced. The platform covers all aspects of the challenges of future power systems requirements related to operation and control. In this paper the requirements of a simulation platform will be formulated. A laboratory setup with special attention to the utilization of real time simulation equipment and some typical reference applications will be described. |
| 231 | S Chen, L Wang, G Chen, "Data-Aided Timing Synchronization for FM-DCSK UWB Communication Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Frequency-modulated differential chaos shift keying (FM-DCSK) ultra-wideband (UWB) communication systems convey information by transmitting ultra-short chaotic pulses (in the nanosecond scale). Since such pulses are ultra-short, timing offset may severely degrade the bit error rate (BER) performance. In this paper, a fast data-aided timing synchronization algorithm with low complexity is proposed for FM-DCSK UWB systems, which capitalizes on the excellent correlation characteristic of chaotic signals. Simulation results show that the BER performance of such systems is fairly close to that of perfect timing thanks to the proposed new algorithm. Moreover, the new algorithm requires less synchronization searching time and lower computational complexity than the conventional one for transmitted reference (TR) UWB systems existing in the current literature. |
| 232 | S Hong, S Lee, "Design and Implementation of Fault Tolerance in the BACnet/IP Protocol," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Digital communication networks have become a core technology in advanced building automation systems. The building automation and control network (BACnet) is a standard data communication protocol designed specifically for building automation and control systems. BACnet provides the BACnet/IP protocol for data communication through the Internet. Every BACnet/IP device uses a BACnet/IP broadcast management device (BBMD) to deliver remote or global BACnet broadcast messages. In this paper, we propose a fault-tolerant BBMD for the BACnet/IP protocol. The fault-tolerant BBMD improves the connectivity of BACnet/IP networks because a backup BBMD automatically inherits the role of a defective primary BBMD. The fault-tolerant BBMD was designed to provide backward compatibility with existing BACnet/IP devices. In this study, we implemented the fault-tolerant BBMD and examined its validity using an experimental model. |
| 233 | S Lukic, A Emadi, "State Switching Control Technique for Switched Reluctance Motor Drives: Theory and Implementation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Switched reluctance motors (SRMs) exhibit advantageous features such as low inertia, fault tolerance, high efficiency, and simple design. However, its control is fairly complex due to nonlinear characteristics of the magnetic flux linkage seen on the stator windings. Several memory and/or processor intensive solutions have been proposed to deal with the control problem, constraining the use of the motor to high cost and high performance applications. The focus of this paper is to develop a simple controller for the SRM based on state switching digital control. The concept of state switching digital control is to control the motor state (speed) by applying a high or a low energy pulse - above and below the desired steady state of the motor. Such a controller can be implemented in low-complexity analogue circuitry. This paper presents two methods of motor control: one for single speed applications and another for variable speed applications. In addition, this paper derives the control equations and disturbance rejection response. Simulation and experimental results for various operating modes are presented. |
| 234 | M Lee, P Wheeler, C Klumpner, "Space vector modulated multilevel matrix converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Matrix converter is an AC-AC power converter topology that has received extensive research attention as an alternative to traditional AC-DC-AC converter. A matrix converter is able to convert energy from an AC source to an AC load without the need of a bulky and limited lifetime energy storage elements. The indirect three-level sparse matrix converter is a new topology from this family that can synthesize three-level voltage in order to improve the output performance in terms of reduced harmonic content. This paper discusses the operating principles and a space vector modulation scheme for this topology. Simulation and experimental results are shown to prove the ability of this topology to generate multilevel output voltages as well as to maintain a set of sinusoidal, balanced input currents. The performance of the converter is compared to the conventional matrix converter and an alternative multilevel matrix converter topology in order to demonstrate the advantages and disadvantages of the indirect three-level sparse matrix converter. |
| 235 | S Mazumder, R Burra, R Huang, M Tahir, K Acharya, "Universal Grid-Connected Fuel-Cell Inverter for Residential Application," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper describes a universal fuel-cell based grid connected inverter design with DSP based digital control. The inverter has a direct power conversion mechanism with a highfrequency zero-voltage-switched dc/ac primary-side converter followed by a pair of ac/ac cycloconverters that either operates in parallel or in series to simultaneously address the issues of universal output and high efficiency. The critical design issues focus on the impact and optimization of transformer leakage inductance with regard to effectiveness of zero-voltage-switching of primary-side converter, duty-cycle loss, resonance and voltage spike that has effect on the breakdown voltage rating of the cycloconverter devices. An additional concept of dynamic transformer tapping has been explored to address the impact of varying input voltage on secondary-side voltage spike and inverter efficiency. Finally, detailed grid-parallel and gridconnected results are presented that demonstrate satisfactory inverter performances. |
| 236 | B Vafakhah, J Salmon, A Knight, "A New Space-Vector PWM with Optimal Switching Selection for Multi-Level Coupled Inductor Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Multi-level Space Vector PWM (SVPWM) control is shown to be a very useful tool for coupled inductor inverters as 6 independent PWM signals are required and there is an additional complexity of meeting the performance requirements for the coupled inductor while balancing the winding common mode DC current and generating high quality multi level pwm output voltages. A new multi-level SVPWM technique with a 5- segment switching sequence is described where half-wave symmetrical pwm voltage waveforms are used to balance the inductor common mode dc voltages and also to avoid all possible switching states with a high winding current ripple. The proposed SVPWM is shown to have a better inverter performance in comparison with traditional carrier-based and the original multi-level SVPWM schemes at low modulation depths. Inverter operation with proposed SVPWM is validated through simulation and experimental results. |
| 237 | S Rahmani, N Mendalek, K Al-Haddad, "Experimental design of a Nonlinear Control Technique for Three-Phase Shunt Active Power Filter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a nonlinear control technique for a three-phase Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF). The method provides compensation for reactive, unbalanced, and harmonic load current components. A proportional-integral control law is derived through linearization of the inherently nonlinear SAPF system model, so that the tasks of current control dynamics and dc capacitor voltage dynamics become decoupled. This decoupling allows us to control the SAPF output currents and the dc bus voltage independently of each other, providing thereby either one of these decoupled subsystems has a dynamic response significantly slower than the other. To overcome the drawbacks of the conventional method, a computational control delay compensation method, which generates the SAPF reference currents delaylessly and accurately, is proposed. The first step is to extract the SAPF reference currents from the sensed nonlinear load currents by applying the synchronous reference frame method, where a three-phase diode bridge rectifier with R-L load is taken as the nonlinear load, and then the reference currents are modified so that the delay will be compensated. The converter which is controlled by the described control strategy guarantees balanced overall supply currents, unity displacement power factor, and reduced harmonic load currents in the common coupling point. Various simulation and experimental results demonstrate the high performance of the nonlinear controller. |
| 238 | C F. Silva, C Quintans, A Colmenar, M Castro, E Mandado, "A Method based on Petri nets and a Matrix Model to Implement Reconfigurable Logic Controllers," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work presents a method to implement Reconfigurable Logic Controllers (RLCs) using a new matrix model to describe Petri Nets (PNs). The method obtains the general equations and directly translates them into a Hardware Description Language (HDL) in order to configure a FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). To achieve a generalized model in a comprehensible way, several PN examples including timers, counters and hierarchical subnets, are described in detail. The working principles and robustness of the method are validated by simulating each example and by their practical implementation in a RLC. |
| 239 | M Hsieh, Y Hsu, D Dorrell, "Design of Large Power Surface-Mounted Permanent-Magnet Motors Using Post-Assembly Magnetization," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper reports the design process for the manufacture of higher power rare-earth permanent-magnet motors using post-assembly magnetization. Difficulties can be encountered in production using normal manufacturing processes due to the high intensity of rare-earth magnets that are pre-magnetized. Post-assembly magnetization utilizes the stator windings of a permanent-magnet motor to magnetize the magnets after assembly. With this method, some parameters such as slot-fill factor, number of turns, wire diameter, etc., must be considered for the magnetization and motor operation. In this paper, a design process is described that incorporates the design considerations for post-assembly magnetization (for complete magnetization) together with the design requirements for successful motor operation. A 6 kW surface-mounted permanent-magnet (SPM) motor is designed using the proposed process as a demonstration, which is verified using finite element analysis. Another 400 W SPM motor is also designed for experimental purpose. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. |
| 240 | R Velik, G Zucker, "Autonomous Perception and Decision Making in Buildings," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: System complexity has reached a level where it is hard to apply existing information analysis methods to automatically derive appropriate decisions. Building automation is on the verge of being unable to extract relevant information and control a building accordingly. Many different industries in todays automation could provide information by means of different sensors, but the ability to integrate this information is missing. This papers describes approaches how to cope with increased complexity by introducing models for perception and decision making that are based on findings in neuroscience and psychoanalysis, scientific disciplines that are far-off from engineering, but nevertheless promise valuable contributions to intelligent automation. |
| 241 | V. C. Gungor, B Lu, G. P. Hancke, "Opportunities and Challenges of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid - A Case Study of Link Quality Assessments in Power Distribution Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The collaborative and low-cost nature of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) brings significant advantages over traditional communication technologies used in today's electric power systems. Recently, WSNs have been widely recognized as a promising technology that can enhance various aspects of today's electric power systems, including generation, delivery, and utilization, making them a vital component of the next generation electric power system, the smart grid. However, harsh and complex electric power system environments pose great challenges in the reliability of WSN communications in smart grid applications. This paper starts with an overview of the application of WSNs for electric power systems along with their opportunities and challenges, and opens up future work in many unexploited research areas in diverse smart grid applications. Then, the paper presents a comprehensive experimental study on statistical characterization of the wireless channel in different electric power system environments, including a 500 kV substation, an industrial power control room, and an underground network transformer vault. Field tests have been performed on IEEE 802.15.4-compliant wireless sensor nodes in real-world power delivery and distribution systems to measure background noise, channel characteristics, and attenuation in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. Various communication links, including both line-of-sight (LOS) and non-LOS (NLOS) scenarios, are also considered. Overall, the empirical measurements and experimental results provide valuable insights about IEEE 802.15.4-compliant sensor network platforms and guide design decisions and tradeoffs for WSN-based smart grid applications. |
| 242 | T. L. Nguyen, K.-S. Low, "A Global Maximum Power Point Tracking Scheme Employing DIRECT Search Algorithm for Photovoltaic Systems," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a maximum power point tracking approach for a photovoltaic system using the DIRECT algorithm. The new approach overcomes some weaknesses of the existing methods such as the P |
| 243 | A Mukherjee, A Sengupta, "Estimating the Probability Density Function of a Non-Stationary Non-Gaussian Noise," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The problem of estimating the probability density function (PDF) of a non-stationary non-Gaussian noise (NSNGN) is addressed. The non-Gaussian noise is modeled using Gaussian mixture PDFs and an algorithm is proposed to estimate the parameters by maximizing the log likelihood function. Three simulation results illustrate the validity and utility of the proposed algorithm for stationary or non-stationary, Gaussian or non-Gaussian, zero mean or non-zero mean and uni-modal or multi-modal distributed noise. |
| 244 | C.-C. Tsai, H.-C. Huang, S.-C. Lin, "Adaptive Neural Network Control of a Self-Balancing Two-Wheeled Scooter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents an adaptive control using radial-basis- function neural networks (RBFNN) for a two-wheeled self-balancing scooter. A mechatronic system structure of the scooter driven by two DC motors is briefly described, and its mathematical modeling incorporating two frictions between the wheels and the motion surface is derived. By decomposing the overall system into two subsystems (yaw motion and mobile inverted pendulum), one proposes two adaptive controllers using RBFNN to achieve self-balancing and yaw control. The performance and merit of the proposed adaptive controllers are exemplified by conducting several simulations and experiments on a two-wheeled self-balancing scooter. |
| 245 | G Sziebig, B Takarics, P Korondi, "Control of an Embedded System via Internet," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper presents our experience with a complete multimedia educational program of DC servo drives for distant learning. The program contains three parts: animation, simulation and internet based measurement. The animation program helps to understand the operation of DC motors as well as its time- and frequency-domain equations, transfer functions and the theoretical background necessary to design a controller for DC servo motors. The simulation model of the DC servo motor and the controller can be designed by the students based on the animation program. The students can also test their controllers through the internet based measurement, which is the most important part from an engineering point of view. Students can then perform various exercises such as program the D/A and A/D cards in the embedded system and design different types of controllers. First, a simple PI controller can be designed, but advanced students can also design more sophisticated controllers such as the sliding mode controller. After the measurements are executed, the students can download the measured data and compare them to the simulation results. |
| 246 | C Larouci, M Boukhnifer, A Chaibet, "Design of Power Converters by Optimization Under Multi-physic Constraints; Application to a Two-Time Scales AC/DC-DC Converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available |
| 247 | M Hauck, I Munteanu, A Bratcu, S Bacha, D Roye, "Operation of Grid-connected Cross-flow Water Turbines in the Stall Region by Direct Power Control," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a new method of controlling the cross-flow-water-turbine (CFWT)-based generation systems, having fixed pitch, by power regulation. The method consists in directly controlling the electrical generator power as imposed by a dispatcher, without employing an inner rotational speed control loop. The proposed control approach represents the base for the operation framework (i.e., output power and rotational speed limitations, the start-up and stopping) for the entire operating range up to the cut-out water speed. A permanent-magnet synchronous generator is used in this paper. The system is operated at low rotational speed values, i.e., in the so-called hydrodynamic stall region, where mechanical and hydrodynamic stress are lower. Given that this region corresponds to an unstable dynamic behavior, the power regulation relies upon an inner loop, of rotational speed stabilization. Consequently, the innermost (electrical machine current) control loop, is fed by a reference having two components, namely the driving and the stabilization currents. The embodied control laws and the output power and rotational speed limitation sequences have been experimentally validated on a real-time simulator of CFWT-based generation systems. |
| 248 | Y Wang, X Yu, "New Coordinated Control Design for Thermal Power Generation Units," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A nonlinear model combining boiler-turbine-generator dynamic characteristics for a thermal power generation unit is first introduced. Based on the nonlinear model, a new coordinated control design is proposed based on the backstepping method incorporating the coordinated passivation approach that considers the entire boiler-turbine-generator system as a whole. The control design consists of three sub-controllers, namely, a main steam valve controller, an excitation controller and a fuel flow controller. It is shown that the proposed coordinated control design can ensure the asymptotical stability of the closed loop system, and improve the electric power regulation performance. Simulation results based on a practical thermal power plant model are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed control design. |
| 249 | F Defay, A.-M. Llor, M Fadel, "Direct Control Strategy for a 4-level 3-phase Flying Capacitor Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A direct predictive control strategy is proposed for a three-phase 4-level Flying Capacitor (FC) inverter in this paper. The balancing of the flying capacitor voltages, a challenge in applications with small capacitors and low switching frequencies, is done without any modulation, simply using tables calculated off-line. These allow the realization of fast dynamics output currents with reduced dv/dt in the output voltages and reduced switching frequencies. Besides, no inter-harmonics are created when operating at low switching frequencies and with reference currents containing multiple harmonic components, what is a key feature for active power filters. Simulations and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the excellent performance of the direct control strategy in comparison with a conventional PWM control technique, mostly for operation at low switching frequencies. |
| 250 | A. S. Samosir, A. H. M. Yatim, "Implementation of Dynamic Evolution Control of Bidirectional DC-DC Converter for Interfacing Ultracapacitor Energy Storage to Fuel Cell System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An electric vehicle powered by fuel cells gives far more promising performance. Fuel cell is a clean energy source and has a high energy storage capability. However, the fuel cell has a slow dynamic response. A secondary power source is needed during start up and transient conditions. Ultracapacitor can be used as secondary power source to improve the performance and efficiency of the overall system. Several methods have been devised to connect energy storage device to the fuel cell. This paper presents a converter system for connecting ultracapacitor as secondary energy storage to fuel cell electric vehicle system. A bidirectional dc-dc converter is used for interfacing ultracapacitor energy storage to a fuel cell system. The controller of converter system was designed and implemented based on dynamic evolution control. Performance of the proposed dynamic evolution control is tested through simulation and experiment. Simulation and experiment results show that the proposed techniques are suitable for controlling bidirectional dc-dc converter. |
| 251 | V Delli Colli, R Di Stefano , F Marignetti, "A System-on-Chip Sensorless Control for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The paper investigates a SOPC PMSM drive speed and position sensor-less control. The proposed approach exploits two FPGA capabilities, namely the fast computation and the hosting of long FIR filters. Such filters allow an accurate reconstruction of the position signal by means of phase compensation, and lead to an improved speed estimation based on the zero-crossing detection of the commutation signals. The paper presents the design flow and confirms the feasibility of the approach by means of hardware-in-the-loop simulations and by experimental tests. |
| 252 | D Vinnikov, I Roasto, "Quasi-Z-Source Based Isolated DC/DC Converters for Distributed Power Generation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents new step-up DC/DC converter topologies intended for the distributed power generation systems. The topologies contain the voltage-fed quasi-Z-source inverter with continuous input current on the primary side, a single-phase isolation transformer and a voltage doubler rectifier. To increase the power density of the converter, the three-phase auxiliary AClink (a three-phase inverter and a three-phase isolation transformer) and the three-phase voltage doubler rectifier are proposed to be implemented. The paper describes the operation principles of the proposed topologies and analyzes the theoretical and experimental results. |
| 253 | G Chang, C Chen, "Virtual Instrumentation and Educational Platform for Time-Varying Harmonics and Interharmonics Detection," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Selection of a suitable method among various techniques for assessment of harmonic and interharmonic components of a measured voltage or current waveform is not an easy task for the students. A good start is to understand the relationship between the analysis techniques and the measured parameters. In this paper, several commonly used methods for time-varying harmonics and interharmonics detection of measured waveforms are reviewed and implemented in an integrated virtual instrumentation. Compared from the aspect of frequency identification for the reviewed methods, general guidelines for performing harmonics and interharmonics detection are also developed for the educational purpose. |
| 254 | C da Silva, R Pereira, L da Silva, G Torres, B Bose, S Ahn, "A Digital PLL Scheme for Three-Phase System Using Modified Synchronous Reference Frame," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel phase locked loop (PLL) control strategy to synthesize unit vector using the modified synchronous reference frame (MSRF) instead of the traditional synchronous reference frame (SRF). The unit vector is used for vector rotation (VR) or inverse rotation (VR-1) in vectorcontrolled three-phase grid-connected converting equipment. The developed MSRF-PLL is fast in transient response compared to standard PLL technique. The performance is robust against disturbances on the grid, voltage wave with harmonic distortion and noise. The proposed algorithm has been analyzed in detail and was fully implemented digitally using DSP TMS320F2812. The experimental evaluation of the MSRF-PLL in a Shunt Active Power Filter confirms its fast dynamic response, noise immunity and applicability. |
| 255 | A Mehta, B Bandyopadhyay, A Inoue, "Reduced Order Observer Design for Servo System Using Duality to Discrete-Time Sliding Surface Design," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a design method of discrete-time reduced order observer using the duality to discrete-time sliding surface design. First, the duality between the coefficients of the discrete-time reduced order observer and the sliding surface design is established and then, the design method for the observer using the Riccati equation is explained. A discrete-time sliding mode controller based on the proposed observer is designed and tested on a laboratory type experimental servo system. The results show the efficacy of the reduced order observer designed by the duality concept. |
| 256 | P Hsiao, C Lu, L Fu, "Multi-Layered Image Processing for Multi-Scale Harris Corner Detection in Digital Realization," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The PC-based software programming used in complex or luxuriant image processing algorithms is time consuming and resource wasting. As appropriate processing for the image data indeed speedups complicated algorithms, we focus on a crucial case - multi-layered processes. In this paper, we gauge deeply into the data flow of multi-layered image processing to avoid waiting for the result from every previous steps to access the memory which occurs in many applicable algorithms. Based on combining the parallel and pipelined properties to eliminate unnecessary delays, we propose new visual pipeline architecture and use FPGA to implement our hardware scheme. For verification, the multi-scale Harris corner detector in cooperating with shape context and Thin Plate Splines were combined to complete our real-time experiment of the integrated H/S system for pattern recognition. |
| 257 | D Zambra, C Rech, J Renes-Pinheiro, "Comparison of Neutral-Point-Clamped, Symmetrical and Hybrid Asymmetrical Multilevel Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a comparison of three topologies of multilevel inverters applied to drive an induction motor of 500 kVA/4.16 kV. The multilevel inverters analyzed are: a neutral-point-clamped inverter, a symmetrical cascaded multilevel inverter and a hybrid asymmetrical cascaded multilevel inverter. The performance indices used in the comparison are total harmonic distortion, first order distortion factor, second order distortion factor, common-mode voltage, semiconductor power loss distribution and heat-sink volume. The multilevel inverters are designed to present 99% efficiency at the nominal operating point and the abovementioned performance indices are compared for distinct values of amplitude modulation depth. |
| 258 | S Canovas, C Cugnasca, "Implementation of a Control Loop Experiment in a Network-based Control System With LonWorks Technology and IP Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Not Available |
| 259 | J Liang, D Lee, J Ahn, "Analysis of Passive Boost Power Converter for 3-Phase SR Drive," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a novel passive boost power converter and its analysis for a 3-phase SR drive. The proposed simple passive circuit adds three diodes and one capacitor to the front-end of a conventional asymmetric converter in order to obtain a high negative bias. Based on this passive power network, the terminal voltage of the converter side is a general dc-link voltage level in parallel mode and is up to a double dc-link voltage level in series mode. As a result it can suppress the negative torque generation from the tail current and improve the output power. Combining a passive circuit with a 3-phase asymmetric converter, without phase current overlap, the phase winding obtains the dc-link voltage in the excitation mode and the negative double dc-link voltage in the demagnetization mode. With the phase current overlap, the dc-link voltage or the double dc-link voltage is dependent on the overlap current. The operation modes of the proposed converter are analyzed with a 3-phase SR motor. The selection of the boost capacitor is considered, and a detailed analysis of current overlap modes is presented. The compared simulation and experiments have been done. The results verify the performance of proposed converter. |
| 260 | F Azcondo, A de Castro, C Branas, "Course on Digital Electronics Oriented to Describing Systems in VHDL," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new orientation for a multidisciplinary Industrial Engineering program course on Digital Electronics is proposed. Students are trained to describe complete systems in VHDL. These systems have been previously modeled with Matlab/Simulink ®, including both continuous and discrete components. Digital controllers based on concurrent hardware are designed for these systems in the same framework. After developing and simulating the behavioral model of the system or plant, the controller is re-described under the synthesis constraints and implemented in an FPGA evaluation board for verification along with the system under control. In this way, the course is not only intended for digital electronics specialists but also for students with diverse engineering backgrounds. |
| 261 | P Marti, M Velasco, J Fuertes, A Camcho, G Buttazzo, "Design of an Embedded Control Systems Laboratory Experiment," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a prototype laboratory experiment to be integrated in the education of embedded control systems engineers. The experiment, a real-time control of a dynamical system, is designed to drive students to a deeper understanding and integration of the diverse theoretical concepts that often come from different disciplines such as realtime systems and control systems. Rather than proposing the experiment for a particular course within an embedded systems engineering curriculum, the paper describes how the experiment can be tailored to the needs and diverse background of both undergraduate and graduate students education. |
| 262 | T Kosaka, S Muthubabu, M Yamamoto, N Matsui, "Design Studies on Hybrid Excitation Motor for Main Spindle Drive in Machine Tools," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a hybrid excitation motor for a main spindle drive in end- and face-milling tools which is operated with high speed 50,000r/min. The proposed motor not only has permanent magnet but also the field coil which makes field weakening and strengthening control possible with taking no notice of the permanent magnet demagnetization. In addition, the sum of iron and copper losses of the motor at the end-milling operation is significantly reduced by the field weakening control. 3D-FEM based design studies on the proposed motor for the target application are demonstrated. |
| 263 | C Yuen, A Oudalov, A Timbus, "The Provision of Frequency Control Reserves from Multiple Micro-Grids," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The concept of micro-grid is invented to harmonize local electricity production and consumption. The increasing interest on micro-grids is caused by the considerable growth of renewable energy sources (RES) and distributed generation (DG). In a large geographical region there can exist multiple micro-grids. Many academic articles have reported the technicalities of micro-grids operating in islanded mode and few have analyzed their aggregated technical/economic impact or benefits on the network in a larger region. Deregulation encourages renewable energy sources to participate in energy markets to facilitate competition among different energy providers. Apart from participating in energy markets, an alternative way of making use of and making profit out of multiple micro-grids is to take part in the ancillary services (AS) market. This paper investigates the technical aspects of providing frequency control reserves (FCR) as well as the potential economic profitability of participating in the FCR markets based on a setup of multiple micro-grids. In particular, it has a focus on the communication aspects under different market scenarios, decentralized or centralized coordination approach, for frequency control reserves with the assumption of the possible aggregation of reserves provision from multiple micro-grids (micro-sources and flexible loads). |
| 264 | S Sayeef, G Foo, M Rahman, "Rotor Position and Speed Estimation of a Variable Structure Direct Torque Controlled IPM Synchronous Motor Drive at Very Low Speeds including Standstill," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The performance of a speed sensorless variable structure direct torque controlled interior permanent magnet synchronous motor drive at very low speeds including standstill is investigated in this paper. The rotor position and speed are estimated using a high frequency signal injection algorithm at low speeds and a sliding observer at medium to high speeds. The changeover between these two algorithms is performed using a weighting function which smoothly hands over estimated rotor position information for stator flux and torque estimation purposes. Experiments were performed to test the effectiveness of the proposed high frequency signal injection algorithm and results show that the sensorless drive is capable of accurately estimating position and speed at very low speeds including standstill. The implementation of the changeover algorithm to switch between the two observers at low and high speeds has enabled sensorless operation of the drive from zero to base speed. |
| 265 | X Zhu, X Li, D Xu, G Shen, "Design of the Dynamic Power Compensation for PEMFC Distributed Power System," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The transient load power may bring damage to the proton exchange membranes fuel cell (PEMFC) and shorten lifetime of the stack. This paper introduced a dynamic power compensation unit consisting of a bidirectional DC/DC converter and a super capacitor pack, used for compensating the slow dynamic response of the PEMFC and guaranteeing the operation safety of the fuel cell during the load transitions. In this paper, the characteristics of PEMFC are firstly studied by experiment, and then the target of the dynamic power compensation is set based on the experimental results. Subsequently, an analysis on the dynamic power compensation and derivation of the design target are presented. The controller and the filter design based on these analyses are given. As the hardware realization, the bidirectional DC/DC converter is then introduced. Finally, the experimental results on a 5 kW fuel cell power system with dynamic power compensation are given to verify the theoretical analysis and the design. With the dynamic power compensation unit, the fuel cell only needs to supply a slowly changing output power during the sharp load transition process. A more reliable operation condition can be achieved for the fuel cell. |
| 266 | C Gallo, F Tofoli, J Correa Pinto, "Two-Stage Isolated Switch-Mode Power Supply with High Efficiency and High Input Power Factor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This work presents the conception and analysis of a switch-mode power supply with desirable characteristics of high frequency isolation, high input power factor, low harmonic distortion, and high efficiency. Nearly unity input power factor can be obtained by using an interleaved boost converter associated with a nondissipative snubber, as high efficiency of the ac-dc front end stage results. Additionally, a soft switching fullbridge topology performs the dc-dc conversion, providing isolation to the SMPS by using a high-frequency transformer. By cascading both stages, the aforementioned characteristics are achieved. Theoretical background on each one of the converters is presented, and experimental results obtained from a laboratory prototype are presented and discussed in order to validate the proposal. Besides, the evaluation tests demonstrate the operation with nearly unity power factor, high efficiency, and good dynamic response over a wide load range. |
| 267 | H Taghizadeh, M Tarafdar Hagh, "Harmonic Elimination of Cascade Multilevel Inverters with Non-equal DC Sources Using Particle Swarm Optimization," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, elimination of harmonics in a cascade multilevel inverter by considering non-equality of separated DC sources by using particle swarm optimization is presented. Solving nonlinear transcendental equations set describing the harmonic elimination problem with non-equal DC sources, reaches the limitation of contemporary computer algebra software tools using resultant method. The proposed approach in this paper can be applied to solve the problem in a simpler manner, even when the number of switching angles is increased and determination of them using resultant theory approach is not possible. Theoretical results are verified by experiments and simulations for an 11-level H-bridge inverter. Results show that the proposed method does effectively eliminate a great number of specific harmonics and the output voltage is resulted in low total harmonic distortion (THD). |
| 268 | D Casadei, M Mengoni, G Serra, A Tani, L Zarri, "Minimization of the Power Losses in IGBT Multiphase Inverters with Carrier-Based Pulse Width Modulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Nowadays there is an increasing interest toward multiphase drives, especially for medium and high power applications. In this paper some modulation strategies for multiphase voltage-source inverters are compared and the modulation strategy with the minimum switching losses is determined. If the switching devices of the inverter are IGBTs or BJTs, this modulation strategy turns out to be the one with the minimum total power losses. Simulation and experimental results confirm the validity of the analytical approach and the feasibility of the proposed modulation strategy. |
| 269 | A Agarwal, V Agarwal, "Design of Delta Modulated Generalized Frequency Converter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper proposes a novel, power electronics application, an IGBT based frequency converter that performs the function of both cycloconverter as well as of cycloinverter by changing the two bit input parameter. It finds its application in speed control of induction motor, induction heating, fluorescent lighting, ballast, high frequency power supplies and so many other applications. A methodology is developed to generate the trigger signals for various IGBTs used in frequency converter such that the circuit is not restricted to a particular value of output frequency but it can produce any output frequency that is an integer multiple of the input supply frequency. Output of the converter has been improved using delta modulation technique. Hardware design is obtained using readily available ICs and other components. The trigger circuit has been tested qualitatively by observing waveforms on CRO. The operation of the proposed system has been found to be satisfactory. |
| 270 | A Massoud, S Ahmed, P Enjeti, B Wayne Williams, "Evaluation of a Multilevel Cascaded Type Dynamic Voltage Restorer Employing Discontinuous Space Vector Modulation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the application of the cascaded multilevel inverter as a dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is investigated. Two discontinuous multilevel space vector modulation (SVM) techniques are implemented for DVR control and are shown to reduce inverter switching losses whilst maintaining virtually the same harmonic performance as the conventional multilevel SVM at a high number of levels. The paper also presents a mathematical relationship for computing the distortion at the point of common coupling (PCC) as a function of the distortion of the DVR. This enables the selection of the number of levels required for a certain application. An extended sag duration support compared to the two-level DVR is another advantage of the DVR with a cascaded multilevel inverter. The common mode voltage at the PCC has been evaluated for the three SVM techniques (the conventional multilevel SVM and the two discontinuous SVM) presenting a lower common mode voltage for the second discontinuous SVM. A design example is presented for an 11kV, 5MVA DVR multilevel cascaded inverter for up to 17- levels employing conventional multilevel SVM and the two discontinuous SVM techniques. |
| 271 | S Lu, S Mariethoz, K Corzine, "Asymmetrical Cascade Multilevel Converters with Non-Integer or Dynamically Changing DC Voltage Ratios: Concepts and Modulation Techniques," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Asymmetrical cascade multilevel inverters offer a high number of voltage levels with a given switch count. For a given topology, the number of levels depends on the configuration of the DC-voltage (ratios). This paper deals with the design and control of such converters with non-integer DC voltage ratio, which leads to unevenly distributed space vectors. It describes how to select the DC-voltage ratio configurations that yield space vectors as evenly distributed as possible. It describes how to produce an effective PWM modulation that allows generating undistorted current even in the presence of (some) unevenly distributed space vectors. |
| 272 | P Cortes, A Wilson, J Rodriguez, S Kouro, H Abu-Rub, "Model Predictive Control of Multilevel Cascaded H-Bridge Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a model predictive current control algorithm suitable for multilevel converters and its application to a three-phase cascaded H-Bridge (CHB) inverter. This control method uses a discrete-time model of the system to predict the future value of the current for all voltage vectors, and selects the vector which minimizes a cost function. Due of the large number of voltage vectors available in a multilevel inverter, a large number of calculations is needed, making difficult the implementation of this control in a standard control platform. A modified control strategy that considerably reduces the amount of calculations without affecting the systems performance is proposed. Experimental results for a five-level and a nine-level inverter validate the proposed control algorithm. |
| 273 | P B.C, V John, "Filter Optimization for Grid Interactive Voltage Source Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Higher order LCL filters are essential in order to meet the interconnection standard requirement for grid connected voltage source converters. LCL filters offer better harmonic attenuation and better efficiency at a smaller size when compared to the traditional L filters. The focus of this paper is to analyse the LCL filter design procedure from the point of view of power loss and efficiency. The IEEE 1547-2008 specifications for high frequency current ripple are used as a major constraint early in the design to ensure all subsequent optimizations are still compliant with the standards. Power loss in each individual filter component is calculated on a per phase basis. The total inductance pu of the LCL filter is varied and LCL parameter values which give the highest efficiency while simultaneously meeting the stringent standard requirements are identified. The power loss and harmonic output spectrum of the grid connected LCL filter is experimentally verified and measurements confirm the predicted trends. |
| 274 | S Lim, J Fan, A Huang, "Transient Voltage Clamp (TVC) Circuit Design Based on Constant Load Line Impedance for Voltage Regulator Module (VRM)," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: Transient Voltage Clamp (TVC) circuit acts as a replacement of the bulk capacitors which is required for VRM to clamp output voltage spikes. With the TVC circuit, the VRM size is greatly reduced with similar transient performance. This paper presents a new TVC circuit. This TVC circuit is designed based on the constant load line impedance which is recently given by Intels VRM11.0. The TVC circuit works in parallel with VR decoupling capacitors to achieve faster voltage regulation. The impedance of the VR, the output capacitors, and the proposed TVC circuit is analyzed. The TVC circuit design procedure is described, and the transient performance and the power consumption are discussed. The theoretical analysis is verified by simulation results. Moreover, the proposed TVC circuit is fabricated with a 0.6ìm CMOS process, and experimental results verify the simulation results and theoretical analysis. |
| 275 | B Lin, H Lin, "ZVS Converter with Parallel-Connected in Primary Side and Series-Connected in Secondary Side," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 276 | K Dyke, N Schofield, M Barnes, "The Impact of Transport Electrification on Electrical Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 277 | X Guo, W Wu, Z Chen, "Multiple Complex-coefficient-filter Based Phase-Locked Loop and Synchronization Technique for Three-phase Grid-interfaced Converters in Distributed Utility Networks," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 278 | R Turner, R Duke, S Walton, "Stability and Bandwidth Implications of Digitally Controlled Grid-Connected Parallel Inverters," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 279 | B Veselic, B Perunicic-Drazenovic, C Milosavljevic, "Improved Discrete-Time Sliding Mode Position Control Using Euler Velocity Estimation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 280 | Z Chen, F Dai, "Effects of LO Phase and Amplitude Imbalances and Phase Noise on M-QAM Transceiver Performance," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 281 | N Rizoug, P Bartholomeus, P Le Moigne, "Modeling and Characterizing Supercapacitors Using an On-Line Method," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 282 | S Yoo, P Chong, D Kim, Y Doh, M Pham, E Choi, J Huh, "Guaranteeing Real-Time Services for Industrial Wireless Sensor Networks with IEEE 802.15.4," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 283 | G Farias, R De Keyser, S Dormido, F Esquembre, "Developing Networked Control Labs: A Matlab and Easy Java Simulations Approach," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 284 | A Gardel, I Bravo, J Lazaro, P Revenga, "Remote Automation Laboratory using a Cluster of Virtual Machines," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 285 | T Raminosoa, B Blunier, D Fodorean, A Miraoui, "Design and optimisation of a Switched Reluctance Motor driving a Compressor for a PEM Fuel Cell System for Automotive Applications," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 286 | J Lim, D Hong, "Cost Reference Particle Filtering Approach to High Bandwidth TiltEstimation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text |
| 287 | K Gopakumar, S K, R Ramchand, C Patel, A Das, "A Hybrid Multilevel Inverter Topology for an Open-end winding Induction Motor Drive Using Two-Level Inverters in series with a Capacitor fed H-Bridge Cell," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, cost reference particle filter (CRPF) approach to estimating one dimensional tilt of the a vehicle attitude is proposed. CRPF has a couple of advantageous features compared to standard particle filtering; particularly, it does not require the noise statistics in its application. H1 filter has the common feature as CRPF has. The extended H1 filter (EHF) is employed which uses the approximate linearization of the nonlinear measurement function as the extended Kalman filter is extended. The performance of both approaches are investigated and compared in this paper. Low-cost accelerometer and gyroscope sensors are cooperatively employed instead of inclinometer for measuring the tilt. Simulation results show that CRPF outperforms EHF in estimating the tilt due to its robustness against the nonlinearity of the measurement equation whereas EHF outperforms CRPF in estimating the tilt rate whose measurement equation is linear. Notably, efficient CRPF outperforms EHF in tracking the tilt with just 10 particles. |
| 288 | R Wai, C Lin, "Active Low-Frequency Ripple Control for Clean-Energy Power Conditioning Mechanism," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This study focuses on the design of an active low-frequency ripple control for a clean-energy power conditioning mechanism with an aim to protect clean-energy sources (e.g., solar photovoltaic, fuel cell, etc) from the severe damage of current ripple propagation to expand their life span. First, a simplified circuit for representing the current ripple phenomenon inside a general power conditioner including a dc/dc converter and a dc/ac inverter is derived, and the dynamic model of the active low-frequency ripple control circuit (ALFRCC) is analyzed. Moreover, an adaptive linear neural network is taken as a neural filter to generate the compensation current command and a total sliding-mode controller (TSMC) is designed to manipulate the ripple control circuit for injecting a suitable compensation current into the high-voltage bus of the conditioner. In addition, the effectiveness of the proposed active low-frequency ripple control scheme is verified by numerical simulations and experimental results. Its superiority is indicated in comparison with a conventional high-pass filter and a proportional-integral (PI) controller. |
| 289 | D De, V Ramanarayanan, "A DC to Three Phase AC High Frequency LinkConverter with Compensation for Non-linearDistortion," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper focuses on a new high frequency link DC to three phase AC power converter. The least number of switching devices among other high frequency link DC to three phase AC converters, improved power density due to absence of devices of bidirectional voltage blocking capability, simple commutation requirements and isolation between input and output are the integral features of this topology. The commutation process of the converter requires zero portions in the link voltage. This causes a non-linear distortion in output three phase voltages. The mathematical analysis is carried out to investigate the problem and suitable compensation in modulating signal is proposed for different types of carrier. Along with the modified modulator structure, synchronously rotating reference frame based control scheme is adopted for three phase AC side in order to achieve high dynamic performance. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme has been investigated and verified through computer simulations and experimental results with 1-kVA prototype. |
| 290 | A Luo, X Xu, L Fang, H Fang, J Wu, C Wu, "Feedback-Feedforward PI-type Iterative Learning Control Strategy for Hybrid Active Power Filter with Injection Circuit," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, the configuration characteristic of Hybrid active power filter with injection circuit (IHAPF) is analyzed as well as its current closed-loop control model is established. Because of the character of re-period of current harmonics in steady-load power system, the iterative learning control algorithm based on PI-type learning law is presented. The systemic robust is enhanced by using a forgetting factor. In order to improve the dynamic performance of control system, a feed forward based on D-type learning law of referenced current error by fuzzy reasoning is proposed. The system of the IHAPF with the proposed control strategy has been applied in a steel plant in Guangxi Province, P.R.C. Simulation and industrial application results show that the IHAPF with the proposed control method is not only easy to be calculated and implemented, but also very effective to improve the performance of the filter. Meanwhile, IHAPF shows great promise in reducing harmonics and improving power factor with a relatively low capacity of active power filter. |
| 291 | H Geng, D Xu, B Wu, G Yang, "Active Damping for PMSG based WECS with DC Link Current Estimation," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: An active damping strategy is proposed for the suppression of speed and torsional oscillations in permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) based wind energy conversion systems (WECS). Direct driven configuration with PMSG is an attractive choice for WECS because of the gearbox elimination and cost reduction due to small pole pitch design. However, speed and torsional oscillations appear when the generator is directly connected to the wind turbine without any assistant damping device. Based on small signal analysis, a low bandwidth design for the power or generator torque controller of PMSG can help to reduce the oscillation amplitude, but the system dynamic performance is thus sacrificed. From the power flows point of view, the oscillation is reflected in the dc link current. With the help of switch function modeling based on the space vector modulation scheme, the average dc link current can be estimated and applied to the compensation strategy, which provides positive damping resulting in stability improvement. The simulation and experiment results verify the theoretical analysis and the validation of the proposed strategy. |
| 292 | M Cheung, M Chow, C Tse, "Design and Performance Considerations of PFC Switching Regulators Based on Noncascading Structures," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper systematically explores performances of power factor correction (PFC) switching regulators based on noncascading structures in terms of efficiency, input current harmonic distortion, and load voltage regulation. The investigation begins with simplified power flow diagrams, which represent the noncascading PFC switching regulators and describe the essential features of the noncascading PFC switching regulators to achieve power factor correction and voltage regulation. Based on these diagrams, the noncascading PFC switching regulators can be classified into three categories, each offering a different set of performances. The first category permits a tradeoff between the efficiency and the input current harmonic distortion, the second permits a tradeoff between the efficiency and the size of the storage element for the load voltage regulation, and the third allows a tradeoff among all the performances. With detailed analyses through analytical approaches, simulation results illustrate the performances of these three categories of noncascading PFC switching regulators. An experimental prototype of the third category has been built to validate the analyses. |
| 293 | C Liu, Y Hsu, "Effect of Rotor Excitation Voltage on Steady-State Stability and Maximum Output Power of a Doubly-Fed Induction Generator," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: The effect of rotor excitation voltage on steady-state stability and output power of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is investigated. Wind turbine mechanical torque-speed characteristics as well as generator electromagnetic torque-speed characteristics is considered in the derivation of the steady-state stability region for the magnitude and phase angle of rotor excitation voltage. To evaluate the maximum output power of a DFIG, detailed expressions for stator power, rotor power, stator loss, rotor loss, and electrical power are derived as functions of generator speed and the magnitude and phase angle of rotor excitation voltage. The effect of stator resistance on the magnitude and phase angle of the resultant optimal rotor excitation voltage which gives maximum output power and minimum loss is examined. Experimental results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis. |
| 294 | W Lu, C Zhu, "Solving Three Key Problems of Wavelet Transform Processor Using Surface Acoustic Wave Devices," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: In this paper, we present the bulk acoustic wave (BAW), the sound-electricity-reclamation (SER) and the insertion loss as the three key problems of the wavelet transform processor using surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices . The solutions to these problems are achieved in this study. The more the number of the electrode pairs for the interdigital transducer (IDT), the weaker the excited BAW, so the BAW can be eliminated when the number of the electrode pairs for IDT is large enough. The substrate material of small electromechanical coupling coefficient (ECC) k2 and the low impedance load of IDT can eliminate SER. When the output ends of the wavelet transform processors are respectively connected to the amplifiers, their insertion losses can be compensated. X-1120Y LiTaO3 (small ECC k2) is used as a substrate material to fabricate the wavelet transform processor. |
| 295 | M.-D. Ker, C.-C. Yen, "New Transient Detection Circuit for On-Chip Protection Design Against System-Level Electrical Transient Disturbance," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A new transient detection circuit for on-chip protection design against system-level electrical transient disturbance is proposed in this work. The circuit function to detect positive or negative electrical transients under system-level electrostatic discharge (ESD) and electrical fast transient (EFT) testing conditions has been investigated by HSPICE simulation and verified in silicon chip. The experimental results in a 0.18-$mu$m CMOS process have confirmed that the proposed transient detection circuit can successfully memorize the occurrence of system-level electrical transient disturbance events. The output of the proposed on-chip transient detection circuit can be used as a firmware index to execute system recovery procedure. With hardware/firmware co-design, the transient disturbance immunity of microelectronics products equipped with CMOS ICs under system-level ESD or EFT tests can be significantly improved. |
| 296 | C Ekkaravarodome, A Nathakaranakule, I Boonyaroonate, "Single-Stage Electronic Ballast Using Class-DE Low-dv/dt Current-Source Driven Rectifier for Power-Factor Correction," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: A single-stage high-power-factor electronic ballast with a Class-DE low-dv/dt rectifier as a power-factor corrector is proposed in this paper. The power-factor corrector is achieved by using a bridge rectifier that acts as the Class-DE low-dv/dt rectifier. The Class-DE low-dv/dt rectifier is driven by a high-frequency current source, which is obtained from the square-wave output voltage of the Class-D parallel resonant inverter through an LC-series circuit. By using this topology, the conduction angle of the bridge rectifier diode current is increased, and a low line current harmonic is obtained. A prototype ballast is implemented to drive a 36-W fluorescent lamp. The switching frequency is fixed at about 84 kHz. Experimental results verify the theoretical analysis. The designed electronic ballast has a power factor of 0.99, a total harmonic distortion of 1.3%, a lamp current crest factor of 1.42, and 90% efficiency at full power. |
| 297 | H Son, K.-M. Lee, "Open-Loop Controller Design and Dynamic Characteristics of a Spherical Wheel Motor," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: This paper presents a control system design for a particular form of variable-reluctance spherical motors, referred to here as a spherical wheel motor (SWM). The method decoupling the spin from the inclination offers a means to control, in open-loop, the inclination of a continuously rotating shaft. Specifically, the open-loop controller presented in this paper combines a multispeed switching control law for controlling the spin motion, and a dynamic model-based control law for regulating the rotor inclination of a SWM. The concept feasibility of the open-loop controlled SWM (consisting of permanent magnets in a rotor and electromagnets in a stator) has been experimentally demonstrated. The experimental study not only demonstrates the design procedure but also provides intuitive insights into the effects of key operation parameters on the SWM dynamics. The results presented here will serve as a basis for developing feedback controllers for increasing accuracy and robustness for disturbance rejection. |
| 298 | G Shen, X Zhu, J Zhang, D Xu, "A New Feedback Method for PR Current Control of LCL-Filter Based Grid-Connected Inverter," IEEE Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. ?, pp. 1-1, . 2010. Abstract Link Full Text Abstract: For the grid-connected converter with an LCL-filter, harmonic compensators of Proportional Resonant (PR) controller are usually limited to several low-order current harmonics, due to the system instability when the compensated frequency is out of the bandwidth of the system control loop. In this paper, a new current feedback method for PR current control is proposed. The weighted average value of the currents flowing through the two inductors of the LCL-filter is used as the feedback to the current PR regulator. Consequently, the control system with the LCL-filter is degraded from a third-order function to a first-order one. A large proportional control loop gain can be chosen to obtain a wide control loop bandwidth, and the system can be optimized easily for minimum current harmonic distortions as well as the system stability. The inverter system with the proposed controller is investigated and compared with those using traditional control methods. Experimental results on a 5kW fuel cell inverter are provided, and the new current control strategy has been verified. |